Spanish Grammar
eBook - ePub

Spanish Grammar

  1. 256 pages
  2. English
  3. ePUB (mobile friendly)
  4. Available on iOS & Android
eBook - ePub

Spanish Grammar

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Yes, you can access Spanish Grammar by Ana Fairchild,Juan Mendez in PDF and/or ePUB format, as well as other popular books in Languages & Linguistics & Art General. We have over one million books available in our catalogue for you to explore.

CHAPTER 1

Articles and Nouns

Gender and number are aspects that are sometimes difficult for English speakers to learn. In this chapter we will look at how these function and also the use of the articles the and a in regards to these nouns.

ARTICLES

There are two types of articles in Spanish: definite and indefinite. The definite article (the) indicates a specific person or thing while the indefinite article (a, an) refers to a person or thing not known to the speaker. In a lot of cases they are used the same as in English. For example: The woman walked into the store. Or in the case of the indefinite article: A woman walked into the store. These articles in Spanish agree with the noun in gender, (feminine, masculine) and number (singular, plural). One must keep in mind that the articles used in Spanish are often omitted in English.

Definite Articles

There are four definite articles in Spanish: el, la, los, las. The plural of the masculine el is los, and the plural of the feminine la is las.
el autobĂșsbus
los autobusesbuses
la blusablouse
las blusasblouses
el caballohorse
los caballoshorses
la mesatable
las mesastables
el papelpaper
los papelespapers
la yeguamare
las yeguasmares
For phonetic purposes, feminine nouns that begin with an a or ha take the article el only when the first a is stressed.
el aguawater
las aguaswaters
el ĂĄguilaeagle
las ĂĄguilaseagles
ela almasoul
las almassouls
el armafirearm
las armasfirearms
el hachaax
las hachasaxes
But,
la acciĂłnaction
la aceituna olive
la almohadapillow
la alturaheight
la amigafriend
Please note that the stressed syllable in this last group of words is not the first a. For more detail, see Chapter 12.

With Nouns

The definite article in used in Spanish much more than in English. It is used with all general or abstract nouns:
La vida es dura.
Life is hard.
Con el dinero no se puede comprar la felicidad.
You can’t buy happiness with money.
La paz es una idea valiosa.
Peace is a valuable idea.

When the Quantity is Vague

The article is omitted when the sentence implies some, any, each, or many.
Necesito dinero para comprar comida.
I need some money to buy some food.
However, if the noun is modified, the definite article is used:
Necesito el dinero que me dio mi abuelita para comprar libros.
I need the money my grandma gave me to buy books.

When Referring to a Person

The definite article is used with titles when referring to a person. It is omitted when addressing the individual or with the titles don, doña, Santo, San and Santa.
El rey Juan Carlos es un gran hombre.
King Juan Carlos is a great man.
El señor Ramírez es el dueño del apartamento.
Mr. RamĂ­rez is the owner of the apartment.
La señorita María estå estudiando la lección.
Miss MarĂ­a is studying ...

Table of contents

  1. Cover
  2. Title Page
  3. Contents
  4. Preface
  5. Chapter 1 Articles and Nouns
  6. Chapter 2 Adjectives
  7. Chapter 3 Indicative Verbs
  8. Chapter 4 The Subjunctive Mood
  9. Chapter 5 The Imperative Mood
  10. Chapter 6 Passive Voice
  11. Chapter 7 Pronouns
  12. Chapter 8 Adverbs
  13. Chapter 9 Negatives
  14. Chapter 10 Prepositions
  15. Chapter 11 Idioms and Proverbs
  16. Chapter 12 Rules of Accentuation
  17. Appendix: Vocabulary
  18. Searchable Terms
  19. Copyright
  20. About the Publisher