Tumulus as Sema

Olivier Henry, Ute Kelp

• Publisher: De Gruyter
• Year: 2016
• eBook ISBN: 9783110385458
• Edition: 1
• Topic: History
• Subtopic: History of Ancient Art
• Index: History

Tumuli were the most widespread form of monumental tombs in the ancient world. Their impact on landscape, their allurement as well as their symbolic reference to a glorious past can still be felt today. The need of supra-regional and cross-disciplinary examination of this unique phenomenon led to an international conference in Istanbul in 2009. With almost 50 scholars from 12 different countries participating, the conference entitled TumulIstanbul created links between fields of research which would not have had the opportunity to meet otherwise. The proceedings of TumulIstanbul revolve around the question of the symbolic significance of burial mounds in the 1st millennium BC in the Eastern Mediterranean and Black-Sea regions, providing further insight into Kurgan neighbours from Eurasia.

Fußnoten

1	Liddell/Scott 1996.
2	For discussion of these various possibilities, see Alcock 2004 and many of the papers in this volume.
3	This contradiction is not, of course, unique to tumuli; ancient roads, for example, might be said to fall in the same category: Shaw 2008; Snead et al. 2009.
4	von Falkenhausen 2006, 306–316.
5	Portal 2007; von Falkenhausen 2006; Hung 1995.
6	Barnes 1986; Barnes 2007.
7	Atkinson 1967; Whittle 1997; on the difficulties of dating the monument, Bayliss et al. 2007.
8	Gillings et al. 2008; Malone 1989.
9	von Falkenhausen 2006, 335; Portal 2007.
10	Kennedy 2007 with additional information available on the English Heritage website: <http://pastscape.english-heritage.org.uk/>.
11	Zardaryan et al. 2007.
12	Trigger 1990; for an Americanist example, see Blitz and Livingood 2004.
13	Out of a large literature, see, for example, Bradley 1993; Inomata/Coben 2006; Tilley 1994.
14	Tan et al. 2006.
15	Papadopolos et al. 2008.
16	The aim of this paper is to stress the importance of the conference in Istanbul, which unfortunately I was not able to attend. Only a comparison with the previous body of knowledge allows noting the huge progress of the research in the field, especially in the eastern Mediterranean. Thanks are due to Olivier Henry and Ute Kelp, who immediately accepted my proposal to write this note.
17	I refer here to Åkerström 1934; Demus-Quatember 1958; Prayon 1975; Colonna 1986.
18	The proceedings of the Celano conference have been published in Mainz by the Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum (Naso 2011).
19	Zifferero 1991 and 2006; Naso 1996 and 1998.
20	Ussishkin 1994.
21	F. Bader connected the etymology and the meaning of the word tumulus to the idea of constructions (Bader 1992).
22	Final edition in Young 1981, 79–190.
23	See the contribution by Richard F. Liebhart et al. in this volume.
24	Young 1981, 81.
25	Young 1981, 79. About Midas see Drews 1993. The Assyrian documents have been recently commented by Fales 2001, 101, 228–229, 339, with previous bibliography.
26	Kuniholm 1993 and 1998.
27	Muscarella 1969.
28	Karageorghis 1967, 25–53 and 1978. About Cyprus see now many contributions in Bonfante/Karageorghis 2001.
29	Zaccagnini 1983.
30	About Phrygian funerary monuments see also the survey of De Francovich 1990, critically reviewed by Prayon 1994.
31	See the contribution by Christina Luke and Christopher H. Roosevelt in this volume.
32	Hdt. 1.93. The ancient sources about Sardis have been collected and discussed by Pedley 1972.
33	E.R.M. Dusinberre estimated the existence of more or less 150 tumuli at Bin Tepe (Dusinberre 2003, 132).
34	Russin 1983.
35	Gusmani 1988, with previous bibliography.
36	Ratté 1994, with previous bibliography.
37	Greenewalt et al. 1995.
38	Hdt. 1.93.
39	This inscription (Pedley 1972, 84, n. 303) has been commented by C. Nylander (Nylander 1970 and 1992).
40	Ratté 1989 and 1993.
41	For a similar situation in Troas, see the contribution by C. Brian Rose and Reyhan Körpe in this volume.
42	Ramage/ Hirschland Ramage 1971. See the report about a rescue excavation of a Hellenistic grave by Ali Ekinci 2003.
43	Among the reports on rescue excavations see the following related to grave monuments of the 6th century BC: Akbıyıkoğlu 1991 (Güre); Dedeoğlu 1991; Akbıyıkoğlu 1993 (Güre); Dinç/Önder 1993 (Manisa), Akbıyıkoğlu 1996 (Güre). After the publication of the excavation reports, such tumuli have been further discussed in Özgen/Öztürk 1996, 28–54. For other regions see Sevinç 1996 (Çanakkale); Yılmaz 1997 (Çakilli); Türktüzün1999 (Kütahya); Pazarcı 2003. See also the monuments briefly described by Mellink 1991 and the site review of Klazomenai by Hürmüzlü 2004.
44	Kasper 1970, illustrated also in Naso 1996, fig. 6 and 1998, fig. 19. ...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Titelseite
• Impressum
• Foreword
• Abbreviations
• Contents
• Contents Part 2
• Time Traveling Tumuli. The Many Lives of Bumps on the Ground. A General Introduction
• Tumuli in the Western Mediterranean, 800–500 BC. A Review before the Istanbul Conference
• Southern Mediterranean: Cyrene and Cyprus
• Greece, Albania and Macedonia
• Thrace
• Asia Minor, from Aegean Coast to Cappadocia
• Northern Black Sea
• Eurasia
• Indices
• Titelseite
• Impresseum
• Contents
• Authors
• Illustration Credits
• Plates
• Fußnoten