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GLOSSARY
advisor COUNTABLE NOUN
An advisor is someone whose job is to advise important or powerful people on a particular subject.
Anglican ADJECTIVE
Anglican means belonging or relating to the Church of England, or to the churches related to it.
appeal COUNTABLE NOUN
An appeal is a request to a court to change the decision of an earlier trial.
aristocracy COUNTABLE NOUN
The aristocracy is a class of people in some countries who have a high social rank and special titles.
aristocratic ADJECTIVE
Aristocratic means belonging to or typical of the aristocracy.
Asia Minor PROPER NOUN
Asia Minor is the old name for the most western part of Asia. It is now called Anatolia and is in modern Turkey.
astronomy UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
Astronomy is the scientific study of the stars, planets, and other natural objects in space.
Battle of Britain PROPER NOUN
The Battle of Britain was a battle fought in the air over the south-east of England in 1940 between planes of the British and German air forces.
BCE
You use BCE in dates to indicate a number of years or centuries before the year in which Jesus Christ is believed to have been born. It is an abbreviation for ‘before common era’.
behead VERB
If someone is beheaded, they are killed by having their head cut off, usually as punishment for a serious crime.
betray TRANSITIVE VERB
If you betray someone who trusts you, you deliberately do something which hurts them and causes them harm.
boarding school VARIABLE NOUN
A boarding school is a school where the pupils live during the term.
chariot COUNTABLE NOUN
In ancient times, chariots were fast-moving vehicles with two wheels that were pulled by horses.
civil rights PLURAL NOUN
Civil rights are the rights that people have to equal treatment and equal opportunities, whatever their race, sex, or religion.
civil war COUNTABLE NOUN
A civil war is a war which is fought between different groups of people living in the same country.
colonist COUNTABLE NOUN
Colonists are people who live in a colony, especially Europeans who went to live in North and South America in the 17th and 18th centuries.
colony COUNTABLE NOUN
1 A colony is a country that does not govern itself, but is governed by another, more powerful country.
2 A colony is a group of people of a particular sort who live together away from other people.
commander COUNTABLE NOUN
A commander is an important military officer in charge of a large group of soldiers or of a whole army.
communist COUNTABLE NOUN
A communist is someone who supports a political system in which the state owns and controls all property and all means of production, and everyone is supposed to be equal.
conquer TRANSITIVE VERB
If one country or army conquers another country, they take complete control of it.
Conservative Party PROPER NOUN
The Conservative Party is the main right-of-centre party in Britain.
constitution COUNTABLE NOUN
The constitution of a country is the system of laws which formally state people’s rights and duties.
coronation COUNTABLE NOUN
A coronation is a ceremony at which a crown is put on the head of someone so that they officially become a king or queen.
coup COUNTABLE NOUN
When there is a coup, a group of people get rid of the government and take control of a country, sometimes by force.
court
royal court COUNTABLE NOUN
The court of a king or queen is the place where he or she lives and works.
crown TRANSITIVE VERB
When a king or queen is crowned, a crown is placed on their head as part of a ceremony in which they are officially made king or queen.
delegate COUNTABLE NOUN
A delegate is a person who has been sent to vote or make decisions on behalf of a group of people, especially at a conference or meeting.
demote TRANSITIVE VERB
If someone is demoted, they are moved to a less important rank or job, often as a punishment for having done something wrong or badly.
dictator COUNTABLE NOUN
A dictator is a ruler who has complete power in a country.
disgust TRANSITIVE VERB
If you are disgusted by something, it makes you feel a strong sense of dislike and disapproval.
empire COUNTABLE NOUN
An empire is a group of countries controlled by one powerful country.
execute TRANSITIVE VERB
When someone is executed, they are officially killed as a punishmen...
