The Italian Piazza Transformed

Parma in the Communal Age

Areli Marina

• Publisher: Penn State University Press
• Year: 2012
• Print ISBN: 9780271050706
• eBook ISBN: 9780271058917
• Topic: Architecture
• Subtopic: History of Architecture

During the long thirteenth century, the cities of northern Italy engendered a vital and distinctive civic culture despite constant political upheaval. In The Italian Piazza Transformed, Areli Marina examines the radical transformation of Parma's urban center in this tumultuous period by reconstructing the city's two most significant public spaces: its cathedral and communal squares. Treating the space of these piazzas as attentively as the buildings that shape their perimeters, she documents and discusses the evolution of each site from 1196, tracing their construction by opposing political factions within the city's ruling elite. By the early fourteenth century, Parma's patrons and builders had imposed strict geometric order on formerly inchoate sites, achieving a formal coherence attained by few other cities.

Moreover, Marina establishes that the piazzas' orderly contours, dramatic open spaces, and monumental buildings were more than grand backdrops to civic ritual. Parma's squares were also agents in the production of the city-state's mechanisms of control. They deployed brick, marble, and mortar according to both ancient Roman and contemporary courtly modes to create a physical embodiment of the modern, syncretic authority of the city's leaders. By weaving together traditional formal and iconographic approaches with newer concepts of the symbolic, social, and political meanings of urban space, Marina reframes the complex relationship between late medieval Italy's civic culture and the carefully crafted piazzas from which it emerged.

Table of contents

• COVER Front
• CIP Page
• Table of Contents
• List of Illustrations
• Acknowledgments
• List Abbreviations
• About the Reconstruction Diagrams
• Introduction
• Notes to Introduction
• PART I: The Production of Order
• Chapter 1: (Re) constructing the Piazza del Duomo
• Notes to Chapter 1
• Chapter 2: (Re)constructing the Communal Piazza
• Notes to Chapter 2
• PART II: The Piazza and Public Life
• Chapter 3: The Legislation of Order
• Notes to Chapter 3
• Chapter 4: The Eloquent Piazza
• Notes to Chapter 4
• Epilogue: Parma’s Spatial Practice Compared
• Notes to Epilogue
• Appendix I: On Measurement, Module, and Geometry in Medieval Parma
• Appendix II: The Communal Buildings of Parma: Evidence and Interpretation
• Appendix III: Salimbene de Adam’s Account of Parma’s Late Thirteenth-Century Architectural Projects
• Notes
• Bibliography
• Index
• COVER Back