Forest Dreams, Forest Nightmares

The Paradox of Old Growth in the Inland West

Nancy Langston

• Publisher: University of Washington Press
• Year: 2009
• eBook ISBN: 9780295989686
• Topic: History
• Subtopic: North American History
• Index: History

Across the inland West, forests that once seemed like paradise have turned into an ecological nightmare. Fires, insect epidemics, and disease now threaten millions of acres of once-bountiful forests. Yet no one can agree what went wrong. Was it too much management—or not enough—that forced the forests of the inland West to the verge of collapse? Is the solution more logging, or no logging at all? In this gripping work of scientific and historical detection, Nancy Langston unravels the disturbing history of what went wrong with the western forests, despite the best intentions of those involved. Focusing on the Blue Mountains of northeastern Oregon and southeastern Washington, she explores how the complex landscapes that so impressed settlers in the nineteenth century became an ecological disaster in the late twentieth. Federal foresters, intent on using their scientific training to stop exploitation and waste, suppressed light fires in the ponderosa pinelands. Hoping to save the forests, they could not foresee that their policies would instead destroy what they loved. When light fires were kept out, a series of ecological changes began. Firs grew thickly in forests once dominated by ponderosa pines, and when droughts hit, those firs succumbed to insects, diseases, and eventually catastrophic fires. Nancy Langston combines remarkable skills as both scientist and writer of history to tell this story. Her ability to understand and bring to life the complex biological processes of the forest is matched by her grasp of the human forces at work—from Indians, white settlers, missionaries, fur trappers, cattle ranchers, sheep herders, and railroad builders to timber industry and federal forestry managers. The book will be of interest to a wide audience of environmentalists, historians, ecologists, foresters, ranchers, and loggers—and all people who want to understand the changing lands of the West.

Index

Adams, Cecelia, 68

Agee, James, 272

Alden, Henry, 275

Aldous (grazing examiner), 220

Allen, J. H., 253

Allowable cut, 164, 168–74, 180

Ames, Frederick, 110–12, 116, 137, 140–41, 163

Ants, carpenter, 151–52. See also Insects: benefits to forest

Aridity, 15, 293–94

Asotin, 226

Astor, John, 53

Astorians, 53–55

Austin, Mary, 302

Baca, Jim, 271

Baker City, 69, 81, 191; Forest Reserve, 120; Working Circle, 177

Balance of nature, 275–78, 288

Ballinger, Richard, 112, 251

Bark beetles, 150. See also Insect epidemics

Barnes, Will, 220

Bear Valley, 178–83, 229, 233

Beavers, 51–59; changes, 47, 50, 57–59; ecological effects, 57–59, 227–29

Bend, Oregon, 262

Benjamin Gulch, 238

Berghuis, Dana, 243–44

Billy Meadows, 215, 238

Biodiversity, 269, 283–85, 292. See also Diversity

Bitterbrush, 243

Blank, Parthenia, 68

Blue grouse, 51, 235

Blue Mountain Eagle, 181–82

Blue Mountain Reserve, 87, 88, 89–95

Blue Mountains, 9 (map), 13, 116; East National Forest, 120, 130–31; Forest Health Report, 265, 279, 297–300; Forest West, 118

Bonneville, Captain Benjamin, 47, 55–56

Booth-Kelly Lumber Company, 92–93

Botkin, Daniel, 275

Bowman Hicks Company, 196

Bright, George, 116, 169; on old growth, 113, 155–56; on ecology, 127–28, 132, 135–36, 149, 150–51

Brooke, R. E., 226–27

Bureau of Forestry, 13, 82–85, 88–89

Burns, 178...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Title
• Copyright
• Contents
• Illustrations
• Foreword
• Acknowledgments
• Introduction
• Place and Ecology
• Before the Forest Service
• The Feds in the Forests
• Making Sense of Strangeness: Silvics in the Blues
• Photo Gallery
• Liquidating the Pines
• Animals: Domestic and Wild Nature
• Fire
• Restoring the Inland West
• Conclusion: Living with Complexity
• Notes
• Selected Bibliography
• Index