Henry M. Jackson

A Life in Politics

Robert G. Kaufman

• Publisher: University of Washington Press
• Year: 2011
• eBook ISBN: 9780295802220
• Topic: History
• Subtopic: Political Biographies
• Index: History

Henry M. Jackson ranks as one of the great legislators in American history. With a Congressional career spanning the tenure of nine Presidents, Jackson had an enormous impact on the most crucial foreign policy and defense issues of the Cold War era, as well as a marked impact on energy policy, civil rights, and other watershed issues in domestic politics. Jackson first arrived in Washington, D.C., in January 1941 as the Democratic representative of the Second District of Washington State, at the age of 28 the youngest member of Congress. "Scoop" Jackson won reelection time and again by wide margins, moving to the Senate in 1953 and serving there until his death in 1983. He became a powerful voice in U.S. foreign policy and a leading influence in major domestic legislation, especially concerning natural resources, energy, and the environment, working effectively with Senator Warren Magnuson to bring considerable federal investment to Washington State. A standard bearer for the New Deal-Fair Deal tradition of Roosevelt and Truman, Jackson advocated a strong role for the federal government in the economy, health care, and civil rights. He was a firm believer in public control of electric and nuclear power, and leveled stern criticism at the oil industry's "obscene profits" during the energy crisis of the 1970s. He ran for the presidency twice, in 1972 and 1976, but was defeated for the nomination first by George McGovern and then by Jimmy Carter, marking the beginning of a split between dovish and hawkish liberal Democrats that would not be mended until the ascendance of Bill Clinton. Jackson's vision concerning America's Cold War objectives owed much to Harry Truman's approach to world affairs but, ironically, found its best manifestation in the actions taken by the Republican administration of Ronald Reagan. An early and strong supporter of Israel and of Soviet dissidents, he strongly opposed the Nixon/Kissinger policy of detente as well as many of Carter's methods of dealing with the Soviet Union. Robert Kaufman has immersed himself in the life and times of Jackson, poring over the more than 1, 500 boxes of written materials and tapes that make up the Jackson Papers housed at the University of Washington, as well as the collections of every presidential library from Kennedy through Reagan. He interviewed many people who knew Jackson, both friends and rivals, and consulted other archival materials and published sources dealing with Jackson, relevant U.S. political history and commentary, arms negotiation documents, and congressional reports. He uses this wealth of material to present a thoughtful and encompassing picture of the ideas and policies that shaped America's Cold War philosophy and actions.

Table of contents

• Cover
• Title
• Copyright
• Contents
• Acknowledgments
• Prologue
• Chapter 1 · The Everett Years, 1912–1940
• Chapter 2 · Member of the House, 1941–1953
• Chapter 3 · The Cold War Becomes Colder
• Chapter 4 · The Eisenhower Years, 1953–1961
• Chapter 5 · Khrushchev’s Communism
• Chapter 6 · Domestic Politics to 1961
• Chapter 7 · Henry Jackson and the New Frontier
• Chapter 8 · The TFX Controversy and the “Senator from Boeing”
• Chapter 9 · The Great Liberal Crackup, 1964–1969
• Chapter 10 · That Year: 1968
• Chapter 11 · Jackson’s Ascent, the Party’s Descent, 1968–1972
• Chapter 12 · Gearing Up for the 1972 Presidential Campaign
• Chapter 13 · Perils of Détente, Part I: 1968–1976
• Chapter 14 · Israel and the Cold War
• Chapter 15 · The Ford Administration
• Chapter 16 · Not in the Cards: The 1976 Presidential Campaign
• Chapter 17 · The 1976 Democratic Primaries
• Chapter 18 · Perils of Détente, Part II: 1977–1980
• Chapter 19 · Human Rights, SALT, and Linkage
• Chapter 20 · Anybody But Carter: The 1980 Presidential Election
• Chapter 21 · Sunset, 1981–1983
• Chapter 22 · The Jackson Legacy
• Notes
• Bibliography
• Index