Logics of Organization Theory

Audiences, Codes, and Ecologies

Michael T. Hannan, László Pólos, Glenn R. Carroll

• Publisher: Princeton University Press
• Year: 2012
• Print ISBN: 9780691134505, 9780691131061
• eBook ISBN: 9781400843015
• Topic: Social Sciences
• Subtopic: Demography
• Index: Social Sciences

Building theories of organizations is challenging: theories are partial and "folk" categories are fuzzy. The commonly used tools--first-order logic and its foundational set theory--are ill-suited for handling these complications. Here, three leading authorities rethink organization theory. Logics of Organization Theory sets forth and applies a new language for theory building based on a nonmonotonic logic and fuzzy set theory. In doing so, not only does it mark a major advance in organizational theory, but it also draws lessons for theory building elsewhere in the social sciences.


Organizational research typically analyzes organizations in categories such as "bank," "hospital," or "university." These categories have been treated as crisp analytical constructs designed by researchers. But sociologists increasingly view categories as constructed by audiences. This book builds on cognitive psychology and anthropology to develop an audience-based theory of organizational categories. It applies this framework and the new language of theory building to organizational ecology. It reconstructs and integrates four central theory fragments, and in so doing reveals unexpected connections and new insights.

Table of contents

• Cover
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Table of Contents
• Preface
• Chapter 1. Language Matters
• Part 1. Audiences, Producers, and Codes
• Chapter 2. Clusters and Labels
• Chapter 3. Types and Categories
• Chapter 4. Forms and Populations
• Chapter 5. Identity and Audience
• Part 2. Nonmonotonic Reasoning: Age Dependence
• Chapter 6. A Nonmonotonic Logic
• Chapter 7. Integrating Theories of Age Dependence
• Part 3. Ecological Niches
• Chapter 8. Niches and Audiences
• Chapter 9. Niches and Competitors
• Chapter 10. Resource Partitioning
• Part 4. Organizational Change
• Chapter 11. Cascading Change
• Chapter 12. Opacity and Asperity
• Chapter 13. Niche Expansion
• Chapter 14. Conclusions
• Appendix A. Glossary of Theoretical Terms
• Appendix B. Glossary of Symbols
• Appendix C. Some Elementary First-Order Logic
• Appendix D. Notation for Monotonic Functions
• Appendix E. The Modal Language of Codes
• Bibliography
• Index