Forgotten Disease

Illnesses Transformed in Chinese Medicine

Hilary A. Smith

• Publisher: Stanford University Press
• Year: 2017
• Print ISBN: 9781503603448, 9781503602090
• eBook ISBN: 9781503603509
• Edition: 1
• Topic: History
• Subtopic: Chinese History
• Index: History

Around the turn of the twentieth century, disorders that Chinese physicians had been writing about for over a millennium acquired new identities in Western medicine—sudden turmoil became cholera; flowers of heaven became smallpox; and foot qi became beriberi. Historians have tended to present these new identities as revelations, overlooking evidence that challenges Western ideas about these conditions. In Forgotten Disease, Hilary A. Smith argues that, by privileging nineteenth century sources, we misrepresent what traditional Chinese doctors were seeing and doing, therefore unfairly viewing their medicine as inferior.

Drawing on a wide array of sources, ranging from early Chinese classics to modern scientific research, Smith traces the history of one representative case, foot qi, from the fourth century to the present day. She examines the shifting meanings of disease over time, showing that each transformation reflects the social, political, intellectual, and economic environment. The breathtaking scope of this story offers insights into the world of early Chinese doctors and how their ideas about health, illness, and the body were developing far before the advent of modern medicine. Smith highlights the fact that modern conceptions of these ancient diseases create the impression that the West saved the Chinese from age-old afflictions, when the reality is that many prominent diseases in China were actually brought over as a result of imperialism. She invites the reader to reimagine a history of Chinese medicine that celebrates its complexity and nuance, rather than uncritically disdaining this dynamic form of healing.

Table of contents

• Cover
• Copyright
• Title Page
• Series Page
• Contents
• Acknowledgments
• Introduction
• 1. Foot Qi in Early Chinese Medicine
• 2. Competing for Medical Authority over Disease
• 3. Simplifying and Standardizing Disease
• 4. The Northerner’s Dietary Disorder
• 5. Getting Rich and Getting Sick
• 6. Creating Beriberi in Meiji Japan
• 7. Foot Qi’s Multiple Meanings in Modern East Asia
• Conclusion
• Glossary of Chinese Characters
• Notes
• Bibliography
• Index