Energy Security

The External Legal Relations of the European Union with Major Oil and Gas Supplying Countries

Sanam S. Haghighi

• Publisher: Hart Publishing
• Year: 2007
• Print ISBN: 9781841137285
• eBook ISBN: 9781847313782
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Law
• Subtopic: Environmental Law
• Index: Law

This book offers the first comprehensive assessment of the various internal and external measures undertaken by the European Union to guarantee security of oil and gas supply. It sets out and analyses in a coherent and thorough manner those aspects of EU external policy that are relevant in establishing a framework for guaranteeing energy security for the Union. What makes the book unique is that it is the first of its kind to bridge the gap between EU energy and EU external policy.
The book discusses EU policy towards the major oil and gas producing countries of Russia, the Mediterranean and the Persian Gulf at the bilateral as well as regional and multilateral level. It brings together not only the dimensions of trade and investment but also other important aspects of external policy, namely development and foreign policy. The author argues that the EU's energy security cannot be achieved through adopting a purely internal approach to energy issues, but that it is necessary to adopt a holistic approach to external policy, covering efficient economic relations as well as development co-operation and foreign policies towards energy producing countries.
The book will be a valuable resource for students of EU law, WTO law or international energy law, as well as scholars and practitioners dealing with energy issues.

Table of contents

• Acknowledgements
• Contents
• Abbreviations
• Table of Cases
• Table of Legislation
• Introduction
• 1Security of Energy Supply in Europe:An Analysis
• 1.1. SECURITY OF ENERGY SUPPLY: THE FUNDAMENTALS
• 1.2. ENERGY SECURITY: PERSPECTIVES ON DEMAND, SUPPLY, AND RISKS
• 1.3. ENERGY SECURITY: ACTORS AND INSTRUMENTS
• 1.4. CONCLUDING REMARKS
• 2External Security of Energy Supply inEurope: Historical Overview
• 2.1. INTRODUCTION
• 2.2. THE RESTRUCTURING OF THE ENERGY SUPPLY FRAMEWORK:1951–1958
• 2.3. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENERGY SUPPLY FRAMEWORK: 1959–1972
• 2.4. THE OIL CRISIS AND THE NEW PHASE OF ENERGY POLICY: 1973–1986
• 2.5. THE FEEBLE ATTEMPT TO CREATE AN EFFICIENT EXTERNAL ENERGYPOLICY: 1987–2006
• 3Division of Competences andSecurity of Energy Supply
• 3.1. BRIEF REMARK
• 3. 2. INTRODUCTION
• 3.3. FROM THE TREATY ESTABLISHING THE ECSC TO THE NICE TREATY
• 3.4. ENERGY COMPETENCES IN THE TREATY ESTABLISHING ACONSTITUTION FOR EUROPE
• 3.5. EXTERNAL COMPETENCES: THE EVOLUTION IN THE CASE LAW OFTHE ECJ
• 3.6. DIVISION OF COMPETENCES AND THE CFSP
• 4Internal Outlook: EU Measures in theField of Energy
• 4.1. INTRODUCTION
• 4.2. COMMUNITY MEASURES AFFECTING TRADE IN ENERGY GOODS ANDSERVICES
• 4.3. THE OBLIGATION TO HOLD STOCKS OF CRUDE OIL AND/ORPETROLEUM PRODUCTS
• 4.4. THE DIRECTIVE ON THE SECURITY OF NATURAL GAS SUPPLY
• 4.5 EXTERNAL ASPECT OF IMPORTANT INTERNAL SOFT MEASURES
• 4.6. CONCLUSION: THE DIVISION OF COMPETENCES AND SECURITY OFENERGY SUPPLY
• 5External Outlook: Energy CharterTreaty and the GATT/WTO
• 5.1. INTRODUCTION
• 5.2. THE ENERGY CHARTER TREATY: A GENERAL OVERVIEW
• 5.3. THE INVESTMENT REGIME OF THE ECT
• 5.4. THE TRADE REGIME: ECT AND GATT/WTO COMPARED
• 5.5. THE TRANSIT REGIME OF THE ENERGY CHARTER TREATY
• 5.6. CONCLUSION: THE ECT AND EUROPE’S SECURITY OF ENERGY SUPPLY
• 6EU Relations with Russia, theMediterranean and the Persian GulfCountries: The Missing Elements
• 6.1. EU–RUSSIA ENERGY RELATIONS
• 6.2. EU–MEDITERRANEAN ENERGY RELATIONS
• 6.3. EU–PERSIAN GULF COUNTRIES’ ENERGY RELATIONS
• 6.4. CONCLUSION
• 7The Two Missing Sides: TheDevelopment Cooperation Policy andthe CFSP
• 7.1. THE DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION POLICY AND ENERGY SECURITY:AN INTER-RELATION
• Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Index