Bytes, Bombs, and Spies

The Strategic Dimensions of Offensive Cyber Operations

Herbert Lin, Amy Zegart, Herbert Lin, Amy Zegart

• Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
• Year: 2019
• Print ISBN: 9780815735472
• eBook ISBN: 9780815735489
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Politics & International Relations
• Subtopic: Arms Control
• Index: Politics & International Relations

"We are dropping cyber bombs. We have never done that before."—U.S. Defense Department official
A new era of war fighting is emerging for the U.S. military. Hi-tech weapons have given way to hi tech in a number of instances recently:
A computer virus is unleashed that destroys centrifuges in Iran, slowing that country's attempt to build a nuclear weapon.
ISIS, which has made the internet the backbone of its terror operations, finds its network-based command and control systems are overwhelmed in a cyber attack.
A number of North Korean ballistic missiles fail on launch, reportedly because their systems were compromised by a cyber campaign.
Offensive cyber operations like these have become important components of U.S. defense strategy and their role will grow larger. But just what offensive cyber weapons are and how they could be used remains clouded by secrecy.
This new volume by Amy Zegart and Herb Lin is a groundbreaking discussion and exploration of cyber weapons with a focus on their strategic dimensions. It brings together many of the leading specialists in the field to provide new and incisive analysis of what former CIA director Michael Hayden has called "digital combat power" and how the United States should incorporate that power into its national security strategy.

Table of contents

• Cover
• Title Page
• Copyright
• Dedication
• Contents
• List of Figures and Tables
• Acknowledgments
• 1. Introduction
• 2. Illuminating a New Domain: The Role and Nature of Military Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance in Cyberspace
• 3. How Effects, Saliencies, and Norms Should Influence U.S. Cyberwar Doctrine
• 4. A Strategic Assessment of the U.S. Cyber Command Vision
• 5. A Cyber SIOP? Operational Considerations for Strategic Offensive Cyber Planning
• 6. Second Acts in Cyberspace
• 7. Hacking a Nation’s Missile Development Program
• 8. The Cartwright Conjecture: The Deterrent Value and Escalatory Risk of Fearsome Cyber Capabilities
• 9. The Cyber Commitment Problem and the Destabilization of Nuclear Deterrence
• 10. Cyber Terrorism: Its Effects on Psychological Well-Being, Public Confidence, and Political Attitudes
• 11. Limiting the Undesired Impact of Cyber Weapons: Technical Requirements and Policy Implications
• 12. Rules of Engagement for Cyberspace Operations: A View from the United States
• 13. U.S. Offensive Cyber Operations in a China-U.S. Military Confrontation
• 14. Disintermediation, Counterinsurgency, and Cyber Defense
• 15. Private Sector Cyber Weapons: An Adequate Response to the Sovereignty Gap?
• 16. Cyberwar Inc.: Examining the Role of Companies in Offensive Cyber Operations
• Index
• Contributors