North Carolina Women

Their Lives and Times

Michele Gillespie, Sally McMillen

• Publisher: University of Georgia Press
• Year: 2015
• Print ISBN: 9780820340029, 9780820340012
• eBook ISBN: 9780820347561
• Topic: History
• Subtopic: North American History
• Index: History

By the twentieth century, North Carolina's progressive streak had strengthened, thanks in large part to a growing number of women who engaged in and influenced state and national policies and politics. These women included Gertrude Weil who fought tirelessly for the Nineteenth Amendment, which extended suffrage to women, and founded the state chapter of the League of Women Voters once the amendment was ratified in 1920. Gladys Avery Tillett, an ardent Democrat and supporter of Roosevelt's New Deal, became a major presence in her party at both the state and national levels. Guion Griffis Johnson turned to volunteer work in the postwar years, becoming one of the state's most prominent female civic leaders. Through her excellent education, keen legal mind, and family prominence, Susie Sharp in 1949 became the first woman judge in North Carolina and in 1974 the first woman in the nation to be elected and serve as chief justice of a state supreme court. Throughout her life, the Reverend Dr. Anna Pauline "Pauli" Murray charted a religious, literary, and political path to racial reconciliation on both a national stage and in North Carolina.

This is the second of two volumes that together explore the diverse and changing patterns of North Carolina women's lives. The essays in this volume cover the period beginning with women born in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries but who made their greatest contributions to the social, political, cultural, legal, and economic life of the state during the late progressive era through the late twentieth century.

Index

Italicized page entries refer to illustrations.

AAUW (American Association of University Women), 204–6, 248

Abernathy, Ralph, 274

activism: as Baptist tradition, 266–67

by black power movement, 207, 280

by black students, 274–79

for folk school, 40–48

and HUAC, 322–23

of progressive women, 12–31, 125–26, 144–47, 247–48

for racial equality, 25–27, 62–72, 207–8

rural agricultural, 215–37

and self-worth, 371, 386

for social reform, 131–32

for social welfare, 242–48

for unionization, 171–90, 268, 355–70. See also labor unionization

ACTWU (Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union of America), 367–70

Adams v. Califano, 347–48

Addams, Jane, 82

Adelphian Literary Society, 148

Aderholt, Orville, 129, 176, 183, 187

AFBF (American Farm Bureau Federation), 324

AFL (American Federation of Labor), 174–75

Aframerican Woman’s Journal, 69

African Americans: as artists, 113, 127, 133

benefactors of, 61–62

as caregivers, 116

and Christian black reform, 58

as domestic help, 17, 29n20, 199, 247

as entertainers, 115

families of, 53, 56–58, 105, 231–33

as farmers/sharecroppers, 172, 220–21, 223–24, 244, 276

and home demonstration clubs, 227–29

as landowners, 55

as New Negro, 203

as portrayed at Chicago World’s Fair, 123–24

and sociological research, 312–13

talented tenth (Du Bois), 105, 267

as union organizers, 128–30

and welfare reform, 252–53

and World War II racial reforms, 134. See also under education

Agee, James, 313

Agnes Scott College (Decatur, Ga.), 307

Agricultural Extension Service, 62, 219, 223–31

agriculture: 1980s farm debt crises, 215–37

and New Deal / World War II, 229–30, 321–24

Piedmont legacy of, 3–4

and population studies by USDA, 322

resistant to agribusiness, 324–25

and social reform, 244–45

twentieth-century changes in, 215–37. See also farming

Aid-for-Spain organization, 323

Alamance Community College, 370

Alamance County, N.C., 225, 358

Albemarle Paper Mill, 359

Alexander, Annie, 5

Alexander, Elreta, ...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Contents
• Introduction
• Gertrude Weil
• Olive Dame Campbell
• Charlotte Hawkins Brown
• Lucy Morgan
• The Delany Sisters
• Nell Battle Lewis
• Gladys Avery Tillett
• Ella May Wiggins
• Guion Griffis Johnson
• North Carolina’s Farm Women
• Ellen Black Winston
• Ella Josephine Baker
• Susie Marshall Sharp
• Margaret Jarman Hagood
• Pauli Murray
• Crystal Lee Sutton
• North Carolina Women Writers
• Contributors
• Index