Reboot Your Greek

A Forty-Day New Testament Greek Refresher

Land

• Publisher: Wipf and Stock
• Year: 2018
• eBook ISBN: 9781532648335
• Topic: Theology & Religion
• Subtopic: Biblical Reference

Reboot Your Greek: A Forty-Day New Testament Greek Refresher rekindles the reader's love of reading the Greek New Testament through a step-by-step presentation of basic concepts in easy-to-understand language. Designed to be read in fifteen minutes per day for forty days (thirty minutes per day, counting time for Greek exercises), Reboot Your Greek offers simple explanations of key topics necessary for reading the Greek New Testament with enjoyment. Vocabulary is reintroduced through exposure, not through memorization. The book also introduces helpful tools for maintaining a commitment to regular Greek reading. A glossary offers clear definitions of important terms, and appendices display essential paradigms.

Day 1: Dusting Off and Updating

So, how long has it been since you read Greek? No judgment here, I’m just curious. Has it been one week, one month, one year, one decade? It doesn’t really matter how long it’s been, because memory is a funny thing. A lot of the stuff you learned is buried in there somewhere, but it’s hard to find the key to unlock that memory. And losing the “key” can happen a lot faster than we might think. That’s why I kept “one week” in the list. Even if you leave off your Greek reading for just a week, you can already begin to lose some of what you thought you would never forget. But don’t despair! As I already said, a lot of that stuff is still in there somewhere.

Let me give you an example. When I was a child, I lived in the central African country of Burundi. I spoke some of the local language, Kirundi. In 2007, I returned for a visit after having been away from the country for nearly thirty years (aside from a brief visit about twenty years earlier). If you had asked me how to say, “Thank you,” in Kirundi, I would have thought hard and then said, “I can’t remember.” But when someone gave me an ice-cold coke, I automatically said, “Urakodze chané” (phonetic spelling). That, of course, was the correct way to say, “Thank you very much.” I didn’t know I knew that, but the correct words came tumbling out of my mouth without me even thinking about it—words I hadn’t spoken in at least twenty years!

Here on day 1 of your forty-day journey of rediscovery, don’t be discouraged by how much you have forgotten. I’m going to try to help you find the key (or keys) to unlocking your memory of Greek, and, step-by-step, your recovery of Greek is bound to progress.

To that end, let’s try the first key to see if it fits the lock. If you haven’t already done so, pull out your old Greek New Testament. Blow off the dust, and open it up. What does it smell like? Like a new book? Like an old book? Does the smell bring back any good or bad memories?

Look at the words on the page you opened. Are any of the words familiar? Now try looking up a favorite verse by using the reference. (If you need to, look in the table of contents to help you remember the spelling of the NT book names.) Flip through the pages. What do you notice? Hopefully this process rekindles some of your excitement for reading the New Testament in the original language. It might also rekindle some of the fears you faced when you couldn’t translate what your eyes were seeing. Push those fears aside and dwell in the excitement for a few moments.

By the way, which Greek NT are you holding? Perhaps it is the red-covered UBS edition, or maybe the blue-covered Nestle-Aland edition. Or maybe you’re reading on a Kindle, smartphone, or other electronic text-reading device. These are all really great, and any of them will serve you well down the road.

But I want to strongly suggest that you purchase the United Bible Societies’ The Greek New Testament: A Reader’s Edition if you don’t already have it.1 Honestly, this tool is by far the best one known to me for helping people read the Greek New Testament on a regular basis. I feel so strongly about this that I would advise you to put this lesson aside until you have the Reader’s Edition in your hands . . .

. . . The Reader’s Edition you are now holding is different from other Greek New Testaments. Instead of the usual apparatus (the listing of textual variants and other textual concerns at the bottom of each page), it has footnotes that provide English glosses for Greek words that occur fewer than thirty times in the New Testament.2 This allows you to glance to the bottom of the page to catch the basic meaning of the words that you probably don’t already know. Rather than having to suspend your reading for five or ten minutes each time you need to find a word in a lexicon, you can just glance at the bottom of the page, find a gloss for the word, and keep on reading. This greatly improves the speed with which you can read and therefore the enjoyment you receive from reading.3

By the time our forty-day journey is over, my hope is that you will be able to read much of the New Testament using your renewed understanding of Greek and tools like the Reader’s Edition Greek New Testament. (You’ll find discussions of other helpful tools on days 38 and 39.)

Exercise 1

Directions: Using the Reader’s Edition Greek New Testament or another Greek New Testament, accomplish the following instructions:

1. Find the listing of the books of the New Testament according to their Greek titles.

2. Based on your knowledge of the English titles, try to sound out the names of each book in Greek.

3. Notice that the titles of each of the Gospels begins with the word Kατά. Do you remember what that word means?

4. Notice that each of the titles of the Pauline Epistles (plus Hebrews) begins with the word Πρός. Do you remember what that word means?

5. Using the page numbers from the table of contents, turn to each of the books in the text. Notice the titles at the top of each page. Depending on which text you use, you will probably see that the titles are in capital letters. Try to sound out the titles using these capital letters. Look back at the table of contents for the more common lowercase letters if you get confused.

6. Spend the rest of your allotted thirty minutes (see the preface) further re-familiarizing yourself with the format of your Greek New Testament.

Reminder: If you committed to spending an extra fifteen minutes per day, be sure to set aside time to do that today, too.

1. The United Bible Societies (UBS) have several editions of the Greek New Testament. Any edition will meet your needs for the present purpose, so long as you choose one that is a reader’s edition—i.e., one that has an on-page or running dictionary with vocabulary entries at the bottom of each page.

2. A gloss is a one-word substitute for a word in another language. For example, love is an English gloss for the Greek word ἀγάπη. Of course, ἀγάπη has nuances and profundities that love does not have, and vice versa. So it is not proper to say that love is a definition (or even translation) of ἀγάπη. See the glossary at the end of this book for definitions of common terms such as gloss that will be helpful during your forty-day journey.

3. It is possible to use some electronic text resources to do much the same—except that they will give you a gloss for any word you happen to point at. This becomes a problem when you point to words that you should have known. Instead of activating your memory for words, you short-circuit the process of recall. You are less likely to progress very far in your facility with Greek. Nevertheless, if you stay alert to the possible pitfalls of using an electronic text, this can also be a viable option. See day 39 for additional information about electronic texts and Bible software.

Day 2: A Great Tool, the GNT Reader’s Edition

Yesterday I introduced you to the single best tool I know for helping to read Greek, namely, the UBS Greek New Testament: A Reader’s Edition. As I mentioned yesterday, the Reader’s Edition replaces the apparatus with footnotes. Each footnote gives the lexical form of the word to which it refers, together with a suggested gloss for that word. In addition, the following information is given depending on the part of speech:

Noun—genitive ending and gender

Adjective—feminine and neuter forms (if they exist)

Verb—full parsing

These bits of information, especially the gloss, save you many hours of stress and confusion in looking up words in a lexicon. Instead of flipping backward and forward through a lexicon to find the word you’re looking for, a quick glance at the bottom of the page g...

Table of contents

• Title Page
• Preface
• Day 1: Dusting Off and Updating
• Day 2: A Great Tool, the GNT Reader’s Edition
• Day 3: Alphabet and Pronunciation
• Day 4: (Re)building Your Vocabulary
• Day 5: Word Endings vs. Word Order
• Day 6: Noun Patterns
• Day 7: Review
• Day 8: The (Article)
• Day 9: Noun Patterns (Again)
• Day 10: No-Stress Prep(ositions)
• Day 11: Adjectives
• Day 12: Open-Faced Sandwich
• Day 13: Pronouns
• Day 14: Review
• Day 15: Greek Verb System (Overview)
• Day 16: Indicative Verbs (Overview)
• Day 17: Rapid Tense Identification
• Day 18: Common Tricky Verbs
• Day 19: Rapid Mood Identification
• Day 20: Finer Points of Tense
• Day 21: Review—Halfway Home!
• Day 22: Finer Points of Mood
• Day 23: Help with Verb Identification
• Day 24: Little Words
• Day 25: Chunking for Success
• Day 26: To Be (Infinitives)
• Day 27: To Be Tricky
• Day 28: Review
• Day 29: Power! (Intro to Participles)
• Day 30: Level 1 Translation
• Day 31: Level 2 Translation
• Day 32: Level 3 Translation
• Day 33: Level 4 Translation
• Day 34: Level 2a Translation
• Day 35: Review
• Day 36: Genitive Absolute
• Day 37: So That’s Why We Do It! (Periphrastic Construction)
• Day 38: Tools: Lexica and Parsing Guides
• Day 39: Tools: Bible Software
• Day 40: Review
• Day 41: Your Turn
• Glossary
• Appendix A: Quick Start Guide (Nouns)
• Appendix B: λύω Paradigm
• Appendix C: Participle Paradigm
• Appendix D: Participle Flowchart