Pumps and Compressors

Marc Borremans

• Publisher: Wiley-ASME Press Series
• Year: 2019
• Print ISBN: 9781119534143
• eBook ISBN: 9781119534082
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Technology & Engineering
• Subtopic: Mechanical Engineering
• Index: Technology & Engineering

A practical guide to the majority of pumps and compressors used in engineering applications

Pumps and compressors are ubiquitous in industry, used in manufacturing, processing and chemical plant, HVAC installations, aerospace propulsion systems, medical applications, and everywhere else where there is a need to pump liquids, or circulate or compress gasses. This well-illustrated handbook covers the basic function, performance, and applications for the most widely used pump and compressor types available on the market today. It explains how each device operates and includes the governing mathematics needed to calculate device performance such as flow rates and compression. Additionally, real-world issues such as cavitation, and priming are covered.

Pumps & Compressors is divided into two sections, each of which offers a notation of variables and an introduction. The Pumps section covers piston pumps, radial turbopumps, axial turbopumps, rotating pumps, hydraulic pumps, and pumps with driving flow. The Compressors section covers piston compressors, rotating compressors, turbo compressors, ejectors, vacuum pumps, and compressors for cooling purposes.

• A virtual encyclopedia of all pumps and compressors that describes the mechanics of all devices and the theory, mathematics, and formulas governing their function
• Allows the reader to develop the skills needed to confidently select the appropriate pump or compressor type and specification for their applications

Pumps & Compressors is an excellent text for courses on pumps and compressors, as well as a valuable reference for professional engineers and laymen seeking knowledge on the topic.

Part I
Pumps

1
General Concepts

Chapter Menu

1. 1.1 Hydrostatics
2. 1.2 Flow
3. 1.3 Law of Bernoulli
4. 1.4 Static and Dynamic Pressure
5. 1.5 Viscosity
6. 1.6 Extension of Bernoulli's Law
7. 1.7 Laminar and Turbulent Flow
8. 1.8 Laminar Flow
9. 1.9 Turbulent Flow
10. 1.10 Moody's Diagram
11. 1.11 Feed Pressure
12. 1.12 Law of Bernoulli in Moving Reference Frames
13. 1.13 Water Hammer (Hydraulic Shock)
14. 1.14 Flow Mechanics

1.1 Hydrostatics

Consider an incompressible liquid at rest. The law of Pascal applies (Figure 1.1):

Figure 1.1 Law of Pascal.

where

• p : the static pressure at the considered point [Pa = N/m²]
• p _a : atmospheric pressure (ca. 1 [bar] = 10⁵ [Pa])
• ρ : specific mass of the liquid [kg/m³]
• g : gravitational acceleration (9.81 [m²/s])
• H : height beneath the liquid surface [m]).

The standard pressure at sea level amounts to 1.013 [bar]. This pressure is the absolute pressure.

In practice the relative, or effective, pressure p _eff is of importance. This is the difference between the absolute pressure p _abs and the atmospheric pressure p _a :

One can distinguish the following pressure measurement apparatus:

• A manometer usually measures the effective pressure; this is an overpressure (mostly with respect to the atmospheric pressure).
• A vacuum meter measures an underpressure (with respect to the atmospheric pressure).
• A barometer measures the absolute pressure of the atmosphere.

Concerning the unities nowadays a consistent notation is held. One notes [bar(g)] of [bar_g] for effective pressure (“g” stands for gauge) and [bar(a)] or [bar_a] for absolute pressure.

1.2 Flow

Consider a pipe...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Table of Contents
• Preface
• Acknowledgment
• Used Symbols
• About the Companion Website
• Part I: Pumps
• Part II: Compressors
• Appendix A: The Velocity Profile and Mean Velocity for a Laminar Flow
• Appendix B: Calculation of λ for a Laminar Flow
• Index
• End User License Agreement