Industrial Product Design of Solids and Liquids

A Practical Guide

Wilfried Rähse

• Publisher: Wiley-VCH
• Year: 2014
• Print ISBN:
  9783527333356
• eBook ISBN:
  9783527667611
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Physical Sciences
• Subtopic: Industrial & Technical Chemistry

Offering invaluable insights from a chemist with over 35 years experience in the industry, this practical guide incorporates numerous practical examples and case studies to explain the concepts included here.

The author explains the processes involved in product design, how to set up experiments, and ultimately how to scale-up.

Among the host of topics covered is a discussion of recent advances in the fundamentals and innovative technologies leading to new and improved products.

Industrial Product Design of Solids and Liquids: A Practical Guide is essential reading for the pharmaceutical, cosmetics and personal care, food, fragrance, paints, plastics and agricultural industries.

Chapter 1
Chemical Product Design – a New Approach in Product and Process Development

Summary

Chemical product design is a novel and comprehensive approach in product development. Chemical-based products are tailored to the application requirements by involving the customers via marketing. The development process is managed by a core team (product, process development and marketing), controlled by a steering committee. This interdisciplinary development represents a win-win situation. In case of major innovations, the principles of product design lead to a significantly faster market entry and an increase in market success.

1.1 Definitions

This elaboration about product design relates to raw materials, chemicals, chemical-based or chemically treated products, preparations, and their processing technologies. People of the following industries are mainly affected: chemistry and consumer goods, pharmaceutical, biotech, cosmetic, food and plastics, agriculture, textiles, and ceramics. Because the fundamentals of product design are similar in all areas, a transfer of many principles is possible, or even innovations arising from diverse viewpoints. Learning from neighboring areas (how others handle product design) requires a correspondingly broader teaching range for students to get a wider view of topics based on similar theoretical foundations.

Product design includes learning from adjacent areas, where already a chemical or technological problem solution exists.

The core issue in “product design” is the development, in an optimal way, of the product desired by the customer. The clear definition of Cussler and Moggridge [1] is:

Product design is the procedure by which customer needs are translated into commercial products.

Another definition includes the elements of product design: “Product design describes the development of customized products, which satisfy all requirements of customer regarding to performance, handling, and design” [2]. Solid and multiphase products are predominantly of interest in product design, as also liquid mixtures and emulsions. The focus of all activities is the new or improved product and the further utilization or processing by the customers. The question for development of the product is this, “What do the customers do with the product?”

On the one hand, there are industrial customers. Employees of companies in the supply chain department buy raw materials or other substances and formulations for further processing in the production or in pilot processes. These and the people from the application laboratories are referred to as industrial customers in this chapter. On the other hand, every individual is also involved in buying something or other, and is therefore also a customer. Consumers are people who buy such daily necessities for themselves and their families.

A design of molecules (molecular modeling) toward a particular substance [3, 4] is not what is meant here and is not covered by the term product design, also because computer-aided molecular designs are quite removed from the usual customer products.

New products generally require new or changed processes. This needs a close cooperation between product and process development. Some people, mostly chemists with postgraduate degrees in chemical engineering, are involved both functions.

Product design brings together product and process development, because they belong together.

In the development of chemical-based products, the customer's needs are in the main focus [5]. These include the critical product performance such as the decision to buy, as well as handling and appearance of the product (Figure 1.1). Customers decide not only on these bases but they are also interested in value for money. Therefore, customers are willing to pay more if their (special) requirements are met.

Figure 1.1 General structure of product design.

Chemistry realizes product performance either through changes in the molecule, commonly referred as product engineering, or by formulation of various substances. Appropriate technologies (especially design technologies) enable the adjustment of handling and aesthetics. Accordingly, the success of product development is ensured by the chemistry and chemical engineering. However, marketing should be involved from the start, because the responsible person in this area knows the market and is linked with the customers. Marketing must answer the question whether the new product makes sense economically. A strong product or manufacturer brand allows for successful marketing. A part of the brand and product design is in the packaging and packaging design.

• In large-scale development projects, product design requires the cooperation of product and process developers with the marketing people, including the customer.
• The members of the core team should gather the knowledge required for the development and for launch of the product in question, in order to be able to discuss properly any possible problems that may arise (this can be done by learning from others and from literature).

In case of major innovations, the principles of product design lead to a significantly faster market entry and an increase in market success. Chemical-based products are tailored to the application requirements of customers.

The elements of product design, namely, “performance, convenience (of handling), and aesthetics,” and for water-containing products, the additional requirement of microbial stability, refer primarily to parameters that the customers perceives. They buy products, when good product performances are guaranteed for long periods. Customers experience the product performance in terms of...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Related Titles
• Title Page
• Copyright
• Preface
• Chapter 1: Chemical Product Design – a New Approach in Product and Process Development
• Chapter 2: Diversity of Product Design
• Chapter 3: Generation and Assessment of Ideas for Novel Products
• Chapter 4: Compressed Development and Implementation of Innovations
• Chapter 5: Product Design of Particles
• Chapter 6: Product Design of Particles by Coatings
• Chapter 7: Product Design Out of Disperse and Continuous Phasesby Crushing
• Chapter 8: Product Design Out of Continuous Phases by Spray Drying and Crystallization
• Chapter 9: Manufacturing of Application-Related Designed Plastic Products
• Chapter 10: Production of Tailor-Made Enzymes for Detergents
• Chapter 11: Design of Solid Laundry Detergents According to Consumer Requirements
• Chapter 12: Product Design of Liquids
• Chapter 13: Design of Skin Care Products
• Chapter 14: Influencing the Product Design by Chemical Reactions and the Manufacturing Process
• Chapter 15: Design of Disperse Solids by Chemical Reactions
• Chapter 16: Materials for the Machinery
• Chapter 17: Principles of Product Design
• List of Companies
• Index
• End User License Agreement