Bridge Safety, Maintenance and Management in a Life-Cycle Context

Dan M. Frangopol, Sunyong Kim

• Verlag: CRC Press
• Jahr: 2022
• ISBN:
  9781000564532
• Auflage: 1
• Thema: Scienze biologiche
• Thema: Biologia

During the past two decades, it has been generally acknowledged that

• life-cycle bridge analysis can be a systematic tool to address efficient and effective bridge management under uncertainty
• life-cycle management at the bridge network level can lead to an improvement in the allocation of limited financial resources, ensuring the safety and functionality of the bridge network
• life-cycle management of bridges and bridge networks based on resilience and sustainability can improve their resistance and robustness to extreme events such as earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, and hurricanes
• bridge management should consider the impact of environmental conditions and climate change

This book addresses important concepts and approaches developed recently on bridge safety, maintenance, and management in a life-cycle context. Bridge life-cycle performance and cost analysis, prediction, optimization, and decision making under uncertainty are discussed. The major topics include bridge safety and service life prediction; bridge inspection and structural health monitoring; bridge maintenance; life-cycle bridge and bridge network management; optimum life-cycle bridge management planning; resilience and sustainability of bridges and bridge networksunder hazards; and bridge management considering climate change. By providing practical applications of the presented concepts and approaches, this book can help students, researchers, practitioners, infrastructure owners and managers, and transportation officials to build up their knowledge of life-cycle bridge performance and cost management at bothproject level and network level under various deteriorating mechanisms, hazards and climate change effects.

Chapter 1Probabilistic Concepts and Methods for Bridge Life-Cycle Analysis

NOTATIONS

A

= intact cross-sectional area

A(t)

= availability at time t

A_d

= damaged cross-sectional area

C_dir

= direct consequences

C_ind

= indirect consequences

C_f

= expected monetary loss induced by structural failure

C_fail

= expected cost of failure

C_ini

= initial cost including bridge design and construction cost

C_ins

= cost of inspection

C_life

= total life-cycle cost

C_ma

= cost of maintenance

DI

= damage tolerance index

D_f

= damage factor

f_Xi(x_i)

= probability density function of random variable X_i

F_Xi(x_i)

= cumulative distribution function of random variable X_i

g(X)

= state function consisting of random variables X

h(t)

= hazard function

I_b

= Birnbaum importance factor

I_cr

= criticality importance factor

I_raw

= risk achievement worth importance factor

I_rrw

= risk reduction worth importance factor

I_s

= structural importance factor

H(t)

= cumulative hazard function

L(t)

= mean residual life function

n_e

= number of the event occurrences

p_exd

= exceedance probability

p_f

= probability of failure

p_f,dmg

= probability of failure of a damaged system

p_f,int

= probability of failure of an intact system

P_in

= initial structural performance

P_life

= lifetime structural performance

p_s

= reliability

P_th

= threshold of structural performance

Q(t)

= time-variant functionality of a bridge under a hazard

Q_dmg

= ultimate load capacity of a damaged structure

Q_fun

= applied load when the structure cannot serve its intended purpose due to large deformation and significant damage

Q_ini

= initial functionality

Q_int

= ultimate load capacity of an intact structural system

Q_n

= nominal load effect

Q_U

= ultimate load

r_dmg

= particular damage state

r_int

= pristine system state

r_p

= deterioration rate

r_p,v

= deterioration rate after preventive maintenance

R_K,dir

= direct risk

R_K,ind

= indirect risk

R_n

= nominal strength

R_dmf

= redundancy factor for the collapse limit state

R_f

= redundancy factor

R_fun

= redundancy factor for the functionality limit state

R_rsd

= residual strength factor

R_rsv

= reserve strength factor

R_ult

= redundancy factor for the ultimate collapse state

R_U

= plastic resistance of a structure

R_K

= risk

RB

= robustness index

RB_risk

= risk-based robustness index

RI

= redundancy index

RS

= functionality-based resilience

S(t)

= survival function

SF

= safety factor

t_ini

= damage initiation time

t_ini,e

= damage initiation time after essential maintenance

t_life,0

= initial service life

t_life,em

= extended service life with essential maintenance

t_li...