Smart Nanodevices for Point-of-Care Applications

Suvardhan Kanchi, Rajasekhar Chokkareddy, Mashallah Rezakazemi, Suvardhan Kanchi, Rajasekhar Chokkareddy, Mashallah Rezakazemi

• Verlag: CRC Press
• Jahr: 2022
• ISBN:
  9781000593853
• Auflage: 1
• Thema: Tecnologia e ingegneria
• Thema: Scienza biomedica

Smart Nanodevices for Point-of-Care Applications examines the latest trends on the capabilities of nanomaterials for point-of-care (PoC) diagnostics and explains how these materials can help to strengthen, miniaturize, and improve the quality of diagnostic devices. A thorough explanation of all-in-one nanosmart devices is included, incorporating all of the applications and fundamentals of these smart devices.

This book provides practical information on the following: novel and effective smart materials, better-quality health management, effective management of a disease, potential point-of-care devices, and mobile nanosensors.

Additional Features

• Includes in-depth research based collation of the latest trends of smart devices
• Provides practical information on all-in-one nanosmart devices
• Explains how nanomaterials can help to strengthen and improve the quality of diagnostic devices
• Emphasizes the development of smart nanodevices, especially the miniaturization aspect

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1 Antimicrobial Applications of Nanodevices Prepared from Metallic Nanoparticles and Their Role in Controlling Infectious Diseases

Tharani M. and Rajeshkumar S.

DOI: 10.1201/9781003157823-1

CONTENTS

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Different Types of Metal Nanoparticles

1.2.1 Silver Nanoparticles

1.2.2 Gold Nanoparticles

1.2.3 Zinc Nanoparticles

1.2.4 Selenium Nanoparticles

1.2.5 Copper Nanoparticles

1.3 Antimicrobial Activity of Metallic Nanoparticles

1.3.1 Gold Nanoparticles

1.3.2 Silver Nanoparticles

1.3.3 Selenium Nanoparticles

1.3.4 Zinc Nanoparticles

1.3.5 Copper Nanoparticles

1.4 Metallic Nanoparticles and Their Role in Controlling Infectious Pathogens

1.5 Conclusion

References

1.1 Introduction

The transformation of material science and nanotechnology has greatly advanced in creating multifunctional materials for future innovations on a nanoscale. Among various fields of study, the investigations on the combination of nano-sized particles utilizing a green science approach offer an incredible stage for creating green, conservative, recyclable and maintainable materials for future applications. Due to the unique features of metallic nanoparticles like optical density and surface plasmon resonance, they have been extensively used in targeting various diseases and also to explore more new pathways in nanotechnology.

Nanomaterials are particles having nanoscale measurement ranging from 1 to 100 nm and nanoparticles are minuscule estimated particles with upgraded catalytic reactivity, non-linear optical execution, warm conductivity and synthetic relentlessness attributable to its huge surface-region-to-volume proportion [1]. NPs have begun being considered antibiotic agents due to their antimicrobial properties. Nanoparticles have been incorporated into different mechanical, wellbeing, food, feed, space, substance and beautifying agents due to their alluring unique properties [2].

Metallic nanoparticles are novel agents that have been widely researched for their antimicrobial properties. The metal portion of the nanoparticles is assumed to be an extraordinary part in the utilization of metal nanoparticles as green catalysts because of their huge surface-region-to-volume proportion contrasted with the mass material. This empowers proficient binding, along these lines permitting reactants to bind together at metal sites, and therefore, reactions occur more effectively [3].

Various metal nanoparticles including gold, silver, zinc and copper exhibit intense antimicrobial properties. Microbial resistance seems to be a major threat worldwide and to control that, metallic nanoparticles have been planned to launch as antimicrobial agents to defeat the high spread of infectious diseases [4].

Metallic nanoparticles can be synthesized by chemical methods but it leads to various biological risks and side effects; synthesis of metallic nanoparticles by using plant extracts attracts more researchers to utilize it as an alternative method. Green synthesized metallic nanoparticles are safe, eco-friendly and have particular properties, and can be synthesized in a short period in a cost-effective manner. The green synthesized nanoparticles obtain different properties of the plant extracts and the biomolecules present in the extract act as a reducing and stabilizing agent. Existing research works confirm that biosynthesized metallic nanoparticles have been accounted for to have biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity [5 –7].

1.2 Different Types of Metal Nanoparticles

As of late, the various sorts of metallic nanoparticles and their subsidiaries (like silver, gold, copper, nickel, platinum, titanium and zinc nanoparticles) got huge consideration for their excellent antimicrobial properties. Essentially, metal oxides and doped metal/metal composites like silver oxide, copper oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium dioxide and zinc oxide have different remarkable properties, amazing potencies and showed magnificent antimicrobial capacity [8]. Moreover, the physicochemical properties and morphology of nanomaterials have been demonstrated for their antimicrobial activities. It was recognized that the nano-size metal particles convey the incredible bactericidal impact to oppose the microorganisms [9 –11]. Figure 1.1 shows th...