NOTES
PREFACE
1. Marinus Ossewaarde, âCrises of Modernity Discourses and the Rise of Financial Technologies in a Contested Mechanized World,â Philosophy and Technology, no. 31 (2018): 60.
2. Michael A. Cacciatore, Haley Madden, Molly J. Simis, and Sara K. Yeo, âThe Lure of Rationality: Why Does the Deficit Model Persist in Science Communication?,â Public Understanding of Science 25, no. 4 (2016): 402.
INTRODUCTION
1. Melissa Girard, âHow Autocratic Our Country Is Becoming: The Sentimental Poetess at War,â Journal of Modern Literature 32, no. 2 (2009): 59.
2. Lawrence Sondhaus, âCivilian and Military Power,â International Encyclopedia of the First World War, August 25, 2015, https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/civilian_and_military_power.
3. Robert Weldon Whalen, âWar Losses (Germany),â International Encyclopedia of the First World War, October 8, 2014, https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/war_losses_germany.
4. Chris Hedges, âWhat Every Person Should Know about War,â New York Times, July 6, 2003.
5. Watson Institute, âCosts of War,â Brown University, accessed September 9, 2019, https://watson.brown.edu/costsofwar/.
6. John Arquilla, âThe Big Kill,â Foreign Policy, December 3, 2012.
7. John Gray, âSteven Pinker Is Wrong about Violence and War,â The Guardian, March 13, 2015.
8. Dylan Thomas Farley, âObjects in Mirror Are Closer Than They Appear,â Real Clear Defense, October 15, 2019.
9. Richard English, Modern War: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013), 6.
10. Ibid., 8.
11. Sean M. Lynn-Jones, âOffense-Defense Theory and Its Critics,â Security Studies 4, no. 4 (Summer 1995): 667.
12. Daniel R. Lake, âTechnology, Qualitative Superiority, and the Overstretched American Military,â Strategic Studies Quarterly 6, no. 4 (Winter 2012): 75.
13. Ray Furlong, âThe Changing Story of Russiaâs âLittle Green Menâ Invasion,â Radio Free Europe, February 25, 2019, www.rferl.org/a/russia-ukraine-crimea/29790037.html.
14. Zachery Tyson Brown, âUnmasking Warâs Changing Character,â Modern War Institute, March 12, 2019, https://mwi.usma.edu/unmasking-wars-changing-character/.
15. Michael Beschloss, Presidents of War (New York: Crown, 2018), 19.
16. Jacquelyn Schneider, Digitally-Enabled Warfare: The Capability-Vulnerability Paradox (Washington, DC: Center for a New American Security, 2016), 4.
ONE. A GIANT ARMED NERVOUS SYSTEM
1. Patrick Tucker, âThe Future the U.S. Military Is Constructing: A Giant Armed Nervous System,â Defense One, September 26, 2017, www.defenseone.com/technology/2017/09/future-us-military-constructing-giant-armed-nervous-system/141303/.
2. Daniel Brown and Skye Gould, âThe U.S. Has 1.3 Million Troops Stationed around the WorldâHere Are the Major Hotspots,â Business Insider, August 31, 2017; W. J. Hennigan, âInside the New American Way of War,â Time, December 11, 2017, 46.
3. David Vine, âWhere in the World Is the U.S. Military?,â Politico, July/August 2015.
4. Kristin Bialik, âU.S. Active Duty Military Presence Overseas Is at Its Smallest in Decades,â Pew Research Center, August 22, 2017, www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/08/22/u-s-active-duty-military-presence-overseas-is-at-its-smallest-in-decades/.
5. GovLoop, The Joint Information Environment (Washington, DC, 2014), 7, www.govloop.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/JIE_Guide_FINAL.pdf.
6. Mark Pomerleau and Mike Gruss, âArmy Budget Request Adds $1.5B for Network Modernization, C4ISRNET, April 18, 2019, www.c4isrnet.com/it-networks/2019/04/18/army-budget-request-adds-15b-for-network-modernization/.
7. Tucker, âFuture the U.S. Military Is Constructing.â
8. Charles Pope, âGoldfein Details Air Forceâs Move toward a âFully Networked,â Multi-domain Future,â US Air Force website, September 17, 2019, www.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/1963310/goldfein-details-air-forces-move-toward-a-fully-networked-multi-domain-future/.
9. Robert R. Leonhard, Thomas H. Buchanan, James L. Hillman, John M. Nolen, and Timothy J. Galpin, âA Concept for Command and Control,â Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest 23, no. 2 (2010): 159.
10. Daniel M. West and John R. Allen, âHow Artificial Intelligence Is Transforming the World,â Brookings Institution, April 24, 2018, www.brookings.edu/research/how-artificial-intelligence-is-transforming-the-world/.
11. Zachary S. Davis, Artificial Intelligence on the Battlefield (Livermore, CA: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, March 2019), 10.
12. Michael T. Klare, âThe US Military Is Preparing for a New War,â The Nation, June 5, 2019.
13. Zac Rogers, âHave Strategists Drunk the âAI Raceâ Kool Aid?,â War on the Rocks, June 4, 2019, https://warontherocks.com/2019/06/have-strategists-drunk-the-ai-race-kool-aid/.
14. Elsa B. Kania, âMinds at War: Chinaâs Pursuit of Military Advantage through Cognitive Science and Biotechnology,â Prism 8, no. 3 (January 2020): 85.
15. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, 2018 Revision of World Urbanization Prospects (New York: United Nations, May 26, 2018), 5.
16. Robert N. Townsend, âTactical Automation on the Battlefield: Who Is in Control?â (masterâs thesis, US Army Command and General Staff College, 1992), 8.
17. National Research Council. Realizing the Potential of C4I: Fundamental Challenges (Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 1999), 27.
18. Callum Roberts, âJust How Smart Is an Octopus?,â Washington Post, January 6, 2017.
19. Amanda Gibbs, âCephalopod Encephalization,â Eukaryon 13 (2017): 49.
20. Michelle Starr, âOctopus Arms Are Capable of Making Decisions without Input from Their Brains,â Science Alert, June 26, 2019, www.sciencealert.com/here-s-how-octopus-arms-make-decisions-without-input-from-the-brain.
21. Frank W. Grasso, âThe Octopus with Two Brains: How Are Distributed and Central Representations Integrated in the Octopus Central Nervous System?,â in Ce...