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The Life and Times of Abu Tammam
Abu Bakr al-Suli, Beatrice Gruendler
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The Life and Times of Abu Tammam
Abu Bakr al-Suli, Beatrice Gruendler
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Geschichte des Nahen OstensTHE LIFE AND TIMES OF ABĆȘ TAMMÄM
In the name of God, full of compassion, ever compassionate
THE SUPERIORITY OF ABĆȘ TAMMÄM
29
His name was កabÄ«b ibn Aws of áčŹayy and he was of pure Arabian descent. He was born in a village called JÄsim, which will be mentioned in the accounts below,58 God willing.
30
I cite Muáž„ammad ibn YazÄ«d ibn ÊżAbd al-Akbar al-Mubarrad the Grammarian as follows:
The poet ÊżUmÄrah ibn ÊżAqÄ«l came to Baghdad, and people flocked to him. They recorded his poetry, studied it with him, and showed him their own poetry for comment. One day, someone said, âThere is a poet who some claim is the very best, while others claim the opposite.â ÊżUmÄrah said, âRecite some of his verse to me.â So they recited the following:
She took protection in tears from her anguish at tomorrowâs separation.
Every bed turned into thorns for her.
What saved her from the throes of death
was that my turning away was reluctant, and not by choice.
Compassion made tears of blood
run down rosy cheeks.
She is a full moon, her dear face is enough for everyone she meets,
so she need not endear herself âŠ
Then the reciter stopped, and ÊżUmÄrah said, âLetâs have more!â So he continued:
But I possess no amassed wealth
to call my own, just a few scattered things
Nor did the days grant me restful slumber
to enjoy, only slumber chased âŠ
âExcellent!â said ÊżUmÄrah, âYour poet has outdone all previous poets who used this motif, though much has been composed with it, to the point of making exile appealing. Go on!â The reciter continued:
If a man lingers too long at home, it shows
on his faceâso travel and refresh it!
People like the sun more, I know,
for not shining upon them perpetually.59
ÊżUmÄrah said, âBy God, heâs perfect! If good wording, beautiful motifs, sustained intent, and balanced speech constitute true poetry, then this poet of yours is the very best. And if poetry is something else, well then I just donât know!â
31
I cite Muáž„ammad ibn MĆ«sÄ l-BarbarÄ«, who said:
I heard ÊżAlÄ« ibn al-Jahm talk about DiÊżbil and call him ungrateful, curse him, and malign features of his poetry. Muáž„ammad added: ÊżAlÄ« used to lie about AbĆ« TammÄm and invent stories about him, even though, by God, he meant nothing to AbĆ« TammÄm and did not have any ties to him. ÊżAlÄ« began to describe AbĆ« TammÄm, and someone said, âBy God, if AbĆ« TammÄm were your brother you could not praise him better.â âEven though he is not my real brother,â ÊżAlÄ« said, âhe is my brother in refinement, faith, and affection. Didnât you hear him address me as follows:
If a brother, recently met, skimps on affection,
ours is an ancient brotherhood we share, night and day
Or if the water of companionship alters,
ours, sweet, drips from a single cloud60
Or if a family bond is broken,
refinement is like a father to us.â61
32
I once heard AbĆ« Isáž„Äq al-កarrÄ« (God show him mercy) talk about ÊżAlÄ« and relate an account about him and AbĆ« TammÄmâwhich I believe to be this one, or another along the same lines, though I do not remember it very well, nor can I find it; I think I wrote it down in one of my hadith books. I heard AbĆ« Isáž„Äq say, âÊżAlÄ« ibn al-Jahm is one of the most accomplished men. It is said, âHis knowledge of poetry is even superior to his poetry.ââ
Consider then his high regard for AbĆ« TammÄm, given ÊżAlÄ«âs preeminence in poetry and knowledge of it; and consider ÊżUmÄrah ibn ÊżAqÄ«lâs high regard for AbĆ« TammÄm, when scholars say, âÊżUmÄrah formed the last of the rearguard of poets.â
33
ÊżAlÄ«âs knowledge of poetry is further confirmed by what ÊżAbd AllÄh ibn al-កusayn ibn SaÊżd said. ÊżAbd AllÄh said that al-Buáž„turÄ« told him:
ÊżAlÄ« ibn al-Jahm sent me an invitation to his home, which I accepted. We talked at length about the poetry of the Moderns. When AshjaÊż al-SulamÄ« came up, ÊżAlÄ« said, âHe misses.â He repeated this several times. I didnât understand the phrase, but I shied from asking what he meant. When I left, I thought about the phrase. I looked into the poetry of AshjaÊż al-SulamÄ«, and saw that his verse was largely bland and devoid of even one outstanding verse. This is exactly what ÊżAlÄ« meant, that AshjaÊż came up with verses without hitting a superb one, the same way one says âHe missesâ about an archer who shoots without hitting anything. Al-BuhturÄ« added: ÊżAlÄ« ibn al-Jahm was a connoisseur of poetry.
34.1
I cite AbĆ« Bakr HÄrĆ«n ibn ÊżAbd AllÄh al-MuhallabÄ«, who said:
We were at one of DiÊżbil...