Business
Information and Communication Technology in Business
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in business refers to the use of digital technology to manage and process information, as well as facilitate communication within an organization. This includes hardware, software, networks, and other tools that enable businesses to streamline operations, improve efficiency, and enhance communication both internally and externally. ICT plays a crucial role in modern business operations and decision-making processes.
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12 Key excerpts on "Information and Communication Technology in Business"
eBook - PDFInterdisciplinary Behavior and Social Sciences
Proceedings of the 3rd International Congress on Interdisciplinary Behavior and Social Science 2014 (ICIBSoS 2014), 1-2 November 2014, Bali, Indonesia.
- Ford Lumban Gaol(Author)
- 2015(Publication Date)
- CRC Press(Publisher)
2.3 Information Communication Technology (ICT) Among experts, Information Communications Tech-nology (ICT) has become a catchphrase with differ-ent clarifications and perspectives. Per Osterwalder (2003) and Adu (2002) defines ICT as a technology that facilitates the processing, transfer and exchange of information and communication services. In prin-ciple, ICTs is available ever since the advent of the printing press, only that in the late twentieth century, rapid advances in technology have changed the tra-ditional ways in which information were processed, communications conducted, and services made avail-able. Kaplan (2001) and Osterwalder (2003) stated that such advances in technology has affected both business operations and the ways in which businesses and consumers communicate when new efficiencies were introduced to old services, and not just spurred the creation of new industries. They discussed the replacement of the term “Post-industrial Society” with “Information Society”, which refers to a society in which the ability to access, search, use, create and exchange information as the key for both individuals and society itself (Schubert et al., 2007). ICTs have played a key role in making services tradable, the globalization of IT and IT enabled ser-vices (Houghton, 2009), and are increasingly essential in the delivery of services such as health and edu-cation, in the creation of economic opportunities for poor people and in amplifying the voices of the poor (World Bank, 2002). In addition, Torero & Braun (2005) demonstrated that ICTs are able to affect indus-tries well beyond the individual user’s welfare because such infrastructure does not only offers economies of scale that stimulate network buildings and consequent spillover benefits, but also enable interactive commu-nication unhindered by distance, volume, medium or time promoting greater inclusion of individuals within 257
- P de Villiers(Author)
- 2013(Publication Date)
- Future Managers(Publisher)
• Google Earth lets you fly anywhere on Earth to view satellite imagery, maps, terrain, 3-D buildings, the ocean and even galaxies in outer space. 2. Improved access to education • Distance learning and online tutorials make education possible for everyone who has no access to educational institutes. • The new ways of learning, e.g. interactive multimedia and virtual reality, makes the learning process more interesting. Definition Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is the processing of data using computer hardware and software and distribution of information using telecommunications such as the Internet. ICT is defined as the technologies that help us record, store, process, retrieve, transfer, and receive information electronically in a digital form. Examples of ICT devices are personal computers, laptops, smart devices such as iPads, e-readers, smartphones, etc. Introductory theory of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) 3 FutureManagers 3. Entertainment • The use of ICT to access information has brought new opportunities for leisure and entertainment. Watch videos or play online games on the Internet. • Using the Internet to get information on holiday packages, hotel prices, etc. Planning a vacation and booking your accommodation and airline tickets online. Paying online by using a credit card or via an electronic funds transfer (EFT) payment directly from your account to the airline or hotel. 4. Improved communication • By using ICT, communication has become better and cheaper. Email and social networks, such as Facebook, enable everyone to have daily contact with others. It is much faster and cheaper than the past when letters and telegrams were sent via the post office and telephones. • Using a modem and electronic mailing software (e.g. MS Outlook) to send not only messages, but also files, photos or information quickly and easily to any part of the world.
- Adele Kuzmiakova(Author)
- 2020(Publication Date)
- Arcler Press(Publisher)
Office automation systems tries to improve the productivity of employees who need to process data and information in offices. This does reduce the work load for employees allowing them to perform many tasks within the shortest time possible with little energy being invested in the task. ICT and the Society 121 5.4. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SOCIETY AND INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECH-NOLOGY The relationship between the society and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has led to the development and growth of the already existing social business. Social businesses are businesses which deal with helping the community grow and better the lives of the community members. They are more concentrated on giving back to the society rather than making profits. ICT has made the social businesses more affordable to set up. This is because it is difficult for social businesses to find investors if they are not-for-profit organizations. The ICT help advertize the businesses on different social media platforms so that well-wishers can contribute a fraction of their earnings (Proenza, 2015). Many social businesses use the ICT platform to reach millions of people instead of having to offer their services to only one community. This makes the businesses more scalable. They also do use ICT related solutions to perfect their deliverance of services. For example, the social businesses which have majored in agricultural practices may decide to use drones to eliminate pest and diseases by spraying the farms in an easier and fast way making their produce be of high quality. The stories of social businesses may be distributed among the different social media platforms encouraging more and more people to take part in their growth or motivate them to setup their own social businesses which will have more positive impact to the society at large. It is said that everything does have two sides in its life time.
eBook - PDF- De, Dipak(Authors)
- 2021(Publication Date)
- Daya Publishing House(Publisher)
Chapter 14 : Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in Entrepreneurship Development: An Emerging - Paradigm Meera Shaik N. Directorate of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad – 500 030 According to Peter Drucker an entrepreneur searches for change, responds to it and exploits opportunities. Innovation is a specific tool of an entrepreneur hence an effective entrepreneur converts a source into a resource. one way of converting sources into resources is harnessing information and communication technologies. The paper tries to explore the possibilities of harnessing ICTs in entrepreneurship development. The world’s young people now number more than they ever have. About half of the globe’s population of 6.2 billion people is under the age of 25. In this backdrop no country can afford to ignore information and communication technologies (ICT) as an employment generator, whatever their stage of development. The paper describes as how ICTs have helped to create job opportunities for young people in India, in recent past. An attempt is made to give minor details of the cases from developing world which is considered appropriate for Indian conditions. ICT can be broadly defined as a set of activities that facilitate, by electronic means, the capturing, storage, processing, transmission, and display of information. The term information and communication technologies (ICT) are used to encompass the production of both computer hardware and software as well as the means of transferring the information in digital form. It also includes low cost forms of communication such as radios. The more profound effect of ICT is likely to be in improving the efficiency and reach of the mainstream production of goods and services, in both the This ebook is exclusively for this university only. Cannot be resold/distributed. public and private sectors of the economy. The entrepreneurship in the context of ICTs is discussed under the three broad heads.
eBook - PDF- A Thorne(Author)
- 2017(Publication Date)
- Macmillan(Publisher)
1 Module 14 Topic 5: Concepts of information and communication technology (ICT) Understand the effects of ICT on your own physical and work environment Module 14 This module looks at the impact that information and communication technology (ICT) has on our own environments. This module forms an essential foundation for your knowledge of computers. Think about it • In what ways has technology filtered through to your daily life and activities? • Can we expect technologies to increase and become more and more sophisticated? • Is there any harm in technological progress? Unit 14.1: The impact of ICTs on our environments Whether you are sending an sms, watching television (TV) or waiting in a queue to pay for something at a shop till, many forms of ICT are constantly at work in the background to make all this possible. This trend will most likely never be reversed. 14.1.1 Main ICT concepts A B C Figure 14.1: Examples of ICTs: (A) an athlete using a GPS system; (B) a student reading an ebook; and (C) an employee in a job meeting via Skype The term “information and communication technology” represents three main kinds of technology – media, devices and services. Their purpose is: l To make information in its various forms accessible for use. l To make various kinds of communication possible. device: a mechanical and/or electronic instrument or piece of equipment New words
eBook - PDFThe Future International Manager
A Vision of the Roles and Duties of Management
- L. Zsolnai, A. Tencati, L. Zsolnai, A. Tencati(Authors)
- 2009(Publication Date)
- Palgrave Macmillan(Publisher)
94 6 Reinventing Organizations with Information and Communication Technologies Paola Bielli and Andras Nemeslaki 6.1 Existing challenges and deficiencies Do information and communication technologies (ICT) matter? This question has become the big issue around which managers debate the value of ICT. Carr (2003) states that the sun is setting on infor- mation technologies as a source of strategic weapons and that they are no longer the source of competitive advantage. He suggests that ICT is becoming a utility, like electricity: simply plug into a grid and source it at the lowest cost. Yet in most everyday experience, we face a huge difficulty in getting oriented in this “seamless” digital infra- structure; day by day, managers have to make decisions that have implications on ICT budgets or are constrained by the limitations of technology, regardless of the ambitious plans of marketers and visionary strategists. In tandem with the skepticism of ICT’s strategic relevance, Izak Benbasat and Robert Zmud have begun publishing about the iden- tity crisis within the information systems discipline (Benbasat & Zmud, 2003). Their key argument is that scholarship in the realm of ICT is incredibly diverse; topics range from infrastructure to business solutions and the immediate consequences of these, such as planning, building, adopting, controlling, supporting, and so forth. This, in their opinion, has made the discipline’s central identity even more ambiguous: some issues immediately associated with ICT-based systems are under-investigated while phenomena distantly associated with ICT-based systems are over-investigated. To resolve this dilemma, they suggest a nomological net—a series Bielli and Nemeslaki 95 of connected theoretical and observed terms that allows interplay between theory and data—centered around the construct of the IT—or ICT, in our interpretation—artifact.
- OECD(Author)
- 2015(Publication Date)
- OECD(Publisher)
Increasingly, these rules are imposing requirements as to how and where data is stored and processed. As exemplified by the bills currently discussed in the European Union, and in several countries, this trend could lead to a significant change in business models that rely on the use of personal data. For example, the obligation to make sure an individual has expressed consent for the collection of anonymous data, notably in cookies, could affect the user experience while surfing on web pages and make it more difficult to target or retarget advertising banners or clicks. 3.3. The interactions between various layers of information and communication technology (ICT): a conceptual overview 99. One way to picture the ICT sector is to focus on interactions between different layers, each characterised by a mix of both hardware and software. This approach is illustrated in Figure 3.6. 100. At the base lies the infrastructure of the Internet, which consists of the cables, tubes, routers, switches, and data centres that are designed and manufactured by firms specialised in network interconnection, and operated by ISPs, carriers, and network operators. Content delivery network operators, whose goal is to serve content to end users with high availability and high performance, pay ISPs, carriers, and network operators for hosting servers in their data centres. Internet protocol (IP) addresses and domain names are managed at this level. ADDRESSING THE TAX CHALLENGES OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY – © OECD 2015 3. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ECONOMY – 47 101. Immediately above, stored in servers that are located in data centres and organisations all around the world, are the core software resources that enable organisations to create applications, which can consist of raw data, digital content, or executable code.
- Rosemary Henriksen(Author)
- 2016(Publication Date)
- Wiley(Publisher)
78 CHAPTER 5 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY ICT function Examples of controls On‐site, remote, and off‐site data and systems, and peripherals Maintaining, testing, and upgrading all systems and peripheral equipment, including printers, routers, scanners, hubs Security of devices Managing security over mobile devices, such as laptops, smart phones, tablets, and wearable devices such as smart watches Managing security over portable memory devices, such as USB flash drives and external hard drives External service providers Managing providers of cloud computing services Managing providers of data management services Managing providers of communications service providers to support landlines, cellular, cabling, fibre optics, mobile devices, and Wi‐Fi Systems’ access, integrity, and security Ensuring the integrity of systems developed in‐house, such as assessing control weaknesses in system access, application software, and programs Managing outside services, if required; for example, hiring external auditors, forensic or computer experts, employing CAATTs or other analytics software.
eBook - PDFE-Business
State of the Art of ICT Based Challenges and Solutions
- Dragan Perakovic(Author)
- 2017(Publication Date)
- IntechOpen(Publisher)
set of functions and activities geared to set parameters of the traffic network so that it has the desired functional properties at minimum cost. These definitions serve as a basis for more efficient management of transport network and its entities using modern information and communication technologies. For this purpose, the concept of information and communication technology is based on a combination of con‐ nected communication systems and new technologies. Modern information and communica‐ tion technologies have created a completely new way of information appliance, improving the speed, capacity and quality of the process. Information theory allows the creation of mathematical models which are the basis for simple problems. The appliance of information theory in communications allows solving problems related to the realization of process, handover, transmission, reception and storage of infor‐ mation and its protocols in communications network. The communications network connects sources and receivers of information through transmission channels and technical devices allowing switching and management. The communication network carries out the function of information delivery from source to destination. The communication system has the task of transferring the information from one place to another [ 2 , 3 ]. 2.2. The classification of e‐business system For the business models of companies whose business can affect the efficiency of the traffic system, it is important to be prepared for daily operating on electronic market. For this purpose, the concept of electronic commerce (e‐commerce) presents the sale, purchase and provision of all relevant information to the end user based on the Internet, and the electronic business (e‐business) includes all application solutions and enabling technolo‐ gies [ 4 ]. The concept of e‐business is applicable in almost all sectors and regions of the traffic system.
eBook - PDFMaintaining Community in the Information Age
The Importance of Trust, Place and Situated Knowledge
- Karen F. Evans(Author)
- 2004(Publication Date)
- Palgrave Macmillan(Publisher)
This is surely a new direction in patterns of communication. This argument can be taken to extremes, however, as has been seen in Kelly’s (1994) predictions of a future characterised by man–machine connectivity. More usually, however, ICT are seen as the latest and most extreme example of: A wide-ranging set of new technologies [which] are producing ‘global times’ in which distances between place and peoples . . . seem to be dramatically reducing. (Urry 1998: 2) This globalising promise of technology, which began with telephony and was extended through radio and television, has supposedly ‘come of age’ with the marriage of computer and communication systems which utilise digital technology. These linked technologies can transport complex documentation, audio and visual links and computer software across the globe using wireless technologies or static phone lines, in a matter of seconds. The development of increasingly user-friendly gateways to 36 Maintaining Community in the Information Age what has become known as the World Wide Web, has helped to create ‘cyberspace’, 10 a ‘virtual’ realm in which people can ‘meet’ and commu- nicate their ideas. This space has no material reality, hence its virtuality, however it has been seen as a new arena which can extend the possibilities of human interaction. The power of connectivity The various cables, satellites and wires which link computers and servers across the world have been said to have resulted, in a ‘dense network of connections’ (Harvey and Green 1999: 2) as they are increasingly utilised by individuals and groups to communicate with one another. ICT present the user with an extremely flexible communication tool which can be used to forge links between or within organisations, or for more personal communications between individuals, on a one-to-one, one-to-many, or many-to-many basis.
- OECD(Author)
- 2014(Publication Date)
- OECD(Publisher)
ADDRESSING THE TAX CHALLENGES OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY © OECD 2014 3. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ECONOMY – 51 Chapter 3 Information and communication technology and its impact on the economy This chapter examines the evolution over time of information and communication technology (ICT), including emerging and possible future developments. It then provides a conceptual overview, highlighting interactions between various layers of information and communication technology. The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use of such data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law. ADDRESSING THE TAX CHALLENGES OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY © OECD 2014 52 – 3. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ECONOMY 3.1 The evolution of information and communication technology The development of ICT has been characterised by rapid technological progress that has brought prices of ICT products down rapidly, ensuring that technology can be applied throughout the economy at low cost. In many cases, the drop in prices caused by advances in technology and the pressure for constant innovation have been bolstered by a constant cycle of commoditisation that has affected many of the key technologies that have led to the growth of the digital economy. As products become successful and reach a greater market, their features have a tendency to solidify, making it more difficult for original producers to change those features easily. When features become more stable, it becomes easier for products to be copied by competitors. This is stimulated further by the process of standardisation that is characteristic of the ICT sector, which makes components interoperable, making it more difficult for individual producers to distinguish their products from others.
eBook - PDFTeaching and Learning Science
A Guide to Recent Research and its Applications
- Judith Bennett(Author)
- 2004(Publication Date)
- Continuum(Publisher)
Chapter 6 Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and School Science In the school science laboratory of twenty years ago, it would have been comparatively rare to see a computer. Today, com-puters, and resources linked to the use of computers, are commonplace in many school laboratories. Moreover, unlike much of the equipment used in science lessons, computers are one resource to which an increasing number of pupils have access at home. There can be little doubt now about the potential for computers to offer access to a range of knowl-edge and resources. How best might this potential be realized in science lessons? This chapter looks at: • the origins of information and communications technology (ICT) in the school curriculum; • the claims made and possibilities offered by computers and information technology for science teaching; • research into the ways in which ICT is used in science lessons and its effects on pupils' learning, development of skills and motivation; • research into some of the problems associated with the use of ICT in school science; • implications of research for the use of ICT in scienc teaching. 124 Teaching and Learning Science Introduction: the origins of information and communications technology (ICT) in the school curriculum Although the 'computer revolution' may seem like a relatively recent phenomenon, computers have been around for a long time. The building of the first programmable computing device, Charles Babbage's Difference Engine, began in 1823. However, it was not until the late 1970s, when several makes of small computers (microcomputers) were coming onto the domestic market, that the enormous potential of computers began to be appreciated. The launch in 1981 of the IBM 5150, the first PC (personal computer) to resemble those used today, was an event with a significance beyond even that which was realized at the time.
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