Wide Area Network

8 Key excerpts on "Wide Area Network"

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  eBook - PDF

  Guide to Networking Essentials

  • Greg Tomsho(Author)
  • 2019(Publication Date)
  • Cengage Learning EMEA

    (Publisher)

  Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. CHAPTER 10 Wide Area Networking and Cloud Computing 490 of a growing trend in networking called cloud computing, which uses WANs to offer companies a range of services, including application services and infrastructure services. Table 10-1 summarizes what you need for the hands-on projects in this chapter. Certification 98-366 Understanding network infrastructures: Understand Wide Area Networks (WANs) Hands-on project requirements Table 10-1 Hands-on project Requirements Time required Notes Hands-On Project 10-1: Creating a Dial-Up Connection Net-XX 10 minutes Hands-On Project 10-2: Creating a VPN Connection Net-XX 10 minutes The instructor can configure a VPN server that enables students to test the connection. Wide Area Network Fundamentals Businesses often have multiple sites. For example, a company might have sales offices in New York and Los Angeles and a manufacturing plant in Chicago. Facilitating communication between geographically dispersed sites requires a WAN, which is simply an internetwork spanning a large geographical area. From a user’s perspective, WANs provide access to network resources the same way LANs do, although WANs are sometimes slower depending on the technology used. As you have learned, both internetworks and WANs can be described as two or more connected LANs. The most obvious difference between internetworks and WANs is the distance between the LANs being connected.

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  eBook - PDF

  Guide to Networking Essentials

  • Greg Tomsho(Author)
  • 2015(Publication Date)
  • Cengage Learning EMEA

    (Publisher)

  chapter 10 Wide Area Networking and Cloud Computing After reading this chapter and completing the exercises, you will be able to: • Describe the fundamentals of WAN operation and devices • Discuss the methods used to connect to WANs • Configure and describe remote access protocols • Describe the three major areas of cloud computing 419 Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Wide Area Networks connect LANs to LANs over a large geographic area. The Internet is the ultimate WAN, essentially connecting every LAN to every other LAN across the entire globe. Whether a company wants to connect its LAN to the Internet or to another private LAN across town or across the country, WAN technologies are used. This chapter discusses some devices used in WANs and the main methods of making a WAN connection. WAN technology has its own terms and acronyms, and this chapter explains some of the language used. Wide Area Networking is a vast topic because so many technologies can be used for WAN connections. This chapter gives you a brief introduction to some of these technologies to prepare you for further study of this complex topic. Remote access is an extension of WAN communication, in which a network provides methods for remote users to connect to the LAN, and this chapter discusses the most common methods of remote access. Finally, this chapter gives you an overview of a growing trend in networking called cloud computing, which uses WANs to offer companies a range of services, including application services and infrastructure services.

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  eBook - PDF

  Network+ Guide to Networks

  • Jill West, Tamara Dean, Jean Andrews, , Jill West, Tamara Dean, Jean Andrews(Authors)
  • 2018(Publication Date)
  • Cengage Learning EMEA

    (Publisher)

  Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. CHAPTER 12 Wide Area Networks 678 In previous chapters, you have learned about basic transmission media, network models, and networking hardware associated with LANs. This chapter focuses on WANs (Wide Area Networks), which, as you know, are networks that connect two or more geographically distinct LANs. WANs are significant concerns for organizations attempting to meet the needs of telecommuting workers, global business partners, and Internet-based commerce. The distance requirements of WANs affect their entire infrastructure, and, as a result, WANs differ from LANs in many respects. To understand the fundamental difference between a LAN and a WAN, think of the hallways and stairs of your house as LAN pathways. These interior passages allow you to go from room to room. To reach destinations outside your house, however, you need to use sidewalks and streets. These public thoroughfares are analogous to WAN pathways—except that WAN pathways are not necessarily public. This chapter discusses WAN topologies and various technologies used by WANs. It also notes the potential pitfalls in establishing and maintaining WAN connections. and more than 50% of its traffic is exchanged with just a few content providers, including Microsoft, Amazon hosting services, and Google. At first, I couldn’t understand the rationale for adding more data center locations, when we already had quite a few. Then the SaaS security team showed me traffic tests. I also ran my own. I learned that the other traffic providers were a hop or two closer when tested from the IX location. More importantly, when connected to the IX network’s peering, we saw much faster effective transport speeds with all of our big content partners.

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  eBook - ePub

  A Practical Introduction to Enterprise Network and Security Management

  • Bongsik Shin(Author)
  • 2021(Publication Date)
  • Auerbach Publications

    (Publisher)

  12  Wide Area Network

  12.1 Introduction

  The WAN link spans a state, a nation, or across nations, covering a large geographical region. Unlike the LAN installed by a business, university, or government organization, the WAN infrastructure is owned and maintained by carriers (or common carriers) in order to provide WAN link services to the general public. Common carriers include traditional telephone companies (or telcos), cable companies, and satellite service providers that offer various voice and data services to individuals and businesses.

  WAN services offered by carriers are generally regulated by the government. In the US, for example, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), as an independent agency of the US government, regulates carriers that offer interstate and international WAN services. These carriers have the right-of-way to install networks necessary to offer WAN services to clients. Remotely dispersed branch locations and mobile workers of an organization can reach each other through the carrier’s WAN service.

  With more carriers offering both voice and data WAN services, the traditional distinction between carriers and ISPs is becoming less meaningful as they are competing with each other to grow businesses. The WAN service is fee-based, in which service costs are decided by various factors including the standard technology utilized, connection speed, quality of service, and link distance. This chapter is to explain popular WAN services offered on the private infrastructure wholly owned by the carrier.

  Aside from the ‘private’ WAN infrastructure of the carrier, the Internet that no single service provider has an exclusive ownership, is also a wildly popular platform for low-cost WAN connections. However, remind that the focus of this chapter is WAN services available from the private infrastructure, not the Internet.

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  eBook - ePub

  CompTIA Network+ Study Guide

  Exam N10-007

  • Todd Lammle(Author)
  • 2018(Publication Date)
  • Sybex

    (Publisher)

  So that’s the history for you, but know that it’s not a thing of the past—yet. Today’s WANs are communication networks that cover broad geographic areas, and they still frequently use phone companies (service providers) in concert with their circuit-switched networks to connect LANs together. Competition can be a great motivator, and with the Internet entering the scene, giving us an alternative way to connect LANs, we benefit tremendously from the resulting reduction in the cost of our connectivity. These new connection options, along with their related protocols and technologies, can greatly reduce the cost of a WAN’s infrastructure, and lowered transport costs are a huge relief for network administrators and designers alike!

  An important fact to lock into memory is that WAN protocols and technologies all occupy at least two of the OSI model’s lower three layers—the Physical layer, the Data Link layer, and sometimes the Network layer as well. Coming up, we’ll examine the various types of connections, technologies, topologies, and devices used with WANs as well as how to create WAN connections using different transmission media such as air (wireless), space (satellite), and both copper and glass fiber for wired connections. But before we go there, you’ll need to know some basic WAN terms.

  Defining WAN Terms

  Before you run out and order a WAN service type from a provider, you really need to understand the following terms that service providers typically use:

  Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) Customer premises equipment (CPE) is equipment that’s owned by the service provider but located on the subscriber’s (your) property.

  CSU/DSU Channel service unit/data service unit (CSU/DSU) is a Layer 1 device that connects the serial ports on your router to the provider’s network and connects directly to the demarcation point (demarc) or location. These devices can be external, as shown in Figure 16.1

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  eBook - PDF

  Network Design

  Management and Technical Perspectives

  • Teresa C. Piliouras(Author)
  • 2004(Publication Date)
  • Auerbach Publications

    (Publisher)

  95 Chapter 2 Wide Area Network Design and Planning 2.1 Management Overview of WAN Network Design This chapter focuses on the topological design of WAN data networks. This includes a presentation of the techniques used to place nodes and links in a network to minimize cost and achieve performance objectives. 1 The ultimate result of this process is a set of recommendations for placing specific nodes and links in a network, and the selection of specifi c technologies to implement the network. The selection of line speeds and technologies is largely predicated on the type of network infrastructure (i.e., whether it is centralized or decen-tralized) and the performance requirements of the end-users and appli-cations which it must support. Until fairly recently, only a few line choices were available. One could choose between private lines (operating at DDS, 2 DS1, 3 or DS3 4 speeds) or public lines (operating X.25 at 56 Kbps or 64 Kbps). Now there are many high-bandwidth options available, including Frame Relay, Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), ISDN, SONET, and DWDM. The sections that follow discuss the pros and cons of these choices for various network scenarios, and ways that they can be used in combination to provide a total network solution. All these choices compound the difficulty of designing the network. The network designer must generate several alternative designs for each link type and technology considered to achieve a sense of the price/performance trade-offs associated with each option. The decisions and comparisons 96 Network Design: Management and Technical Perspectives involved in planning all but the smallest networks are sufficiently complex to warrant the aid of automated network design tools. Chapter 7 surveys network design tools that offer a variety of design techniques for producing networks with different link types and technologies.

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  Data Communications and Computer Networks

  A Business User's Approach

  • Curt White, , , (Authors)
  • 2021(Publication Date)
  • Cengage Learning EMEA

    (Publisher)

  Broadcast Network As in the case of a node in the broadcast design of most local area networks, when a node on a Wide Area Network broadcast network transmits its data, the data is received by all the other nodes. This form of Wide Area Network is, at the moment, relatively rare. Some systems, however, are in existence. These systems use radio frequencies to broadcast data to all workstations and typically operate as radio broadcast networks in rural areas or in areas where there are many islands surrounded by large bodies of water. Some of the new wireless Internet access services such as Wi-Max (Chapter 3) are also based on a broadcast net-work, but they are more often considered to be metropolitan area networks than Wide Area Networks. Because broadcast networks are not as common as circuit-switched and packet-switched networks, the remaining discussions in this chapter will not include them. In summary, the physical design of a Wide Area Network, or its network cloud, has three basic forms: circuit-switched, packet-switched (datagram and virtual circuit), and broadcast. The characteristics of these forms are summa-rized in Table 9-1. Note how circuit-switched and virtual circuit networks require path setup time and cannot dynamically reroute packets should a network problem occur. It is also worth noting from Table 9-1 that the circuit-switched network was designed primarily for voice signals and is the only network that offers a dedicated path. Introduction to Metropolitan Area Networks and Wide Area Networks 251 Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience.

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  eBook - ePub

  Networking Fundamentals

  • Crystal Panek(Author)
  • 2019(Publication Date)
  • Sybex

    (Publisher)

  Lesson 7 Understanding Wide Area Networks

  Objective Domain Matrix

  Skills/Concepts	Objective Domain Description	Objective Domain Number
  Understanding Routing	Understand routers	2.2
  Understanding Quality of Service (QoS)	Understand routers	2.2
  Defining Common WAN Technologies and Connections	Understand Wide Area Networks (WANs)	1.3

  Key Terms

  • Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
  • Basic Rate ISDN (BRI)
  • broadband cable
  • Committed Information Rate (CIR)
  • converged network
  • CSU/DSU
  • Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
  • dynamic routing
  • E1
  • E3
  • Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI)
  • Frame Relay
  • header
  • hops
  • Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)
  • Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP)
  • leased lines
  • packet switching
  • Packet Switching Exchanges (PSEs)
  • permanent virtual circuits (PVCs)
  • POTS/PSTN
  • Primary Rate ISDN (PRI)
  • Quality of Service (QoS)
  • SONET
  • static routing
  • synchronous
  • T1
  • T3
  • T-carrier
  • trailer
  • virtual circuit
  • X.25

  Lesson 7 Case

  Your client Proseware, Inc., needs to expand its network. You have previously set up local area networks for the company, but now Proseware, Inc., desires a Wide Area Network with all the routers necessary to make those connections.

  You must provide several Wide Area Networking options along with the different types of routers that will work best for each of those options. The skills required for this task include the ability to document Wide Area Networks and the know-how to install various networking services and protocols.

  Of course, to develop these skills, a lot of knowledge is required, so this lesson defines the most common WAN technologies available and increases your understanding of routing protocols and routing devices.

  Understanding Routing

  Routing is the process of moving data across networks or internetworks between hosts or between routers themselves. Information is transmitted according to the IP networks and individual IP addresses of the hosts in question. A router is in charge of maintaining tables of information about other routers on the network or internetwork. It also utilizes several different TCP/IP protocols to transfer the data and to discover other routers. IP routing is the most common kind of routing as TCP/IP is the most common protocol suite. IP routing occurs on the Network layer of the OSI model.

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