CAD to CAM
CAD (Computer-Aided Design) to CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing) refers to the seamless integration of design and manufacturing processes using digital technology. CAD software is used to create detailed 2D or 3D models of products, which are then translated into instructions for CAM software to automate the manufacturing process. This integration streamlines production, reduces errors, and enhances efficiency in the manufacturing industry.
8 Key excerpts on "CAD to CAM"
- Sherif D. El Wakil(Author)
- 2019(Publication Date)
- CRC Press(Publisher)
...14 Computer-Aided Manufacturing 14.1 Introduction Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) has been defined by Computer-Aided Manufacturing International (CAM-I) as “the effective utilization of computer technology in the management, control, and operations of the manufacturing facility through either direct or indirect computer interface with the physical and human resources of the company.” Although this definition of CAM is broad and flexible and covers a variety of tasks, the dominant application of CAM is still in numerical control (NC) part programming. For this reason, many people subscribe to a narrower concept of CAM that involves mainly computer-assisted NC part programming. This concept of CAM may also stem from the fact that CAM has its roots in NC systems. Consequently, a logical step in studying CAM is to discuss NC systems as well as manual (unassisted by computer) NC part programming and then proceed to extensions of NC and the different methods of computer-assisted part programming. 14.2 Numerical Control (NC) 14.2.1 Overview Before discussing NC systems, how they began, and how they evolved to their present status, let us consider a simple definition that will be a logical entry to the subject. Numerical control (NC) can be defined as control of the operation of machine tools (or other sheet working and welding machines) by a series of coded instructions called a program, which consists mainly of alphanumeric characters (numbers and letters). It is obvious from this definition that the sequence of events is both preplanned and predictable. In other words, any desired sequence of events can be obtained by coding the appropriate instructions and can also be changed by changing those coded instructions...
eBook - ePubAutomation in Textile Machinery
Instrumentation and Control System Design Principles
- L. Ashok Kumar, M Senthil kumar(Authors)
- 2018(Publication Date)
- CRC Press(Publisher)
...15 CAD/CAM Solutions for Textiles LEARNING OBJECTIVES • To explain the concept of CAD/CAM usage in the textile industry • To understand the design procedure using CAD • To comprehend the importance of CAM in the garment industry 15.1 Introduction Computer-aided design (CAD) is industry-specific design system using the computer as a tool. CAD is used to design anything from an aircraft to knitwear. Originally, CAD was used in designing high precision machinery and slowly it found its way into other industries. In the 1970s, it made an entry in the textile and apparel industry. Most companies abroad have now integrated some form of CAD into their design and production process. Of apparel manufacturers 65% use CAD to create colorways 60% use CAD to create printed fabric design 48% use CAD to create merchandising presentation 41% use CAD to create knitwear designs Design choices and visual possibilities can be infinite if the designer is given the time and freedom to be creative and to experiment using the computer. Today automation is not only used for substituting labor but is also adopted for improving quality and producing quantity in lesser time. However, a CAD system is only as good (or as bad) as the designer working on it. The computer only speeds up the process of repeat making, color changing, motif manipulation, and so on. It is actually the Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) aspect of CAD that will help reduce lead time. 15.2 Textile Design Systems Woven textiles are used by designers and merchandisers for fabrics for home furnishing and for men-women-children wear. Most fabrics, whether yarn dyes, plain weaves, jacquards, or dobbies, can be designed and in fact are invariably used abroad using a CAD system for textiles...
eBook - ePub- Ralf Janda(Author)
- 2021(Publication Date)
- tredition(Publisher)
...CAD/CAM Technology 1 Introduction CAD/CAM means “computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing”. CAD/CAM technology becomes an indispensable part of contemporary dentistry. Three main fields have to be mentioned - intraoral scanning - grinding & milling - 3D-printing In principle all CAD/CAM processes may follow the same procedure as it is presented in figure 78b. Although already in a very advanced state intraoral scanning is still no standard method but certainly it will be in the near future. Scanning and digitizing of models or wax-setups to manufacture dental restorations by grinding or milling is now for many years a default method performed in the dental laboratory as well as in the dental practice. But 3D-printing is in a very early stage and certainly needs much more investigation but will become an important technique in dentistry for sure at the end of the 20 th of the 21 th century. It should be noted that the process details of the devices used for the aforesaid techniques will not be introduced and discussed in the context of the present book. Fig. 78b: The principal procedure of CAD/CAM processes. 2 Intraoral Scanning Intraoral scanning is really a very modern technique that will certainly undergo further improvement and development. There are many different systems and devices available for intraoral scanning that produce very precise digital data about the all situations in the oral cavity to manufacture inlay, onlays, crowns, bridges or even dentures. Even though there is still much investigation and development requested to improve hard as well as software intraoral scanning is already done in many practices [ 235, 372 - 388 ]...
eBook - ePubManual of Engineering Drawing
British and International Standards
- Colin H. Simmons, Dennis E. Maguire, Neil Phelps(Authors)
- 2020(Publication Date)
- Butterworth-Heinemann(Publisher)
...Similarly by the purchase of a CAD system, a design does not emerge at the push of a button. The engineering designer is very much responsible for decisions taken at all technical stages between conception and production. The computer is an aid and performs as it is directed with rapidity and accuracy. The following notes are included to indicate areas of useful activity to assist the designer. Today it is all too common at the design conception stage for designers to go straight into modeling mode and before they know it, they have slipped into detail design mode and include far too much information in the concept design. Designers are encouraged to sketch and/or build simple models (Lego, plasticine, card) at the early stages, this is not a backward step and rewards can be gained from unshackling the designer from CAD at the start of a project. The preparation of two- and three-dimensional drawings and models and the projection of associated views is the ‘bread and butter’ work in the design office. Service manuals use exploded views so that people with no technical training can follow assembly sequences. Children stick together model kits with guidance using pictorial diagrams. CAD programs are available where a three-dimensional model can be produced automatically given two-dimensional views. From the dimensions of the component, the computer will calculate surface areas, volumes, weights for different materials, centers of gravity, moments of inertia, and radii of gyration; it can also use the applicable values for stress and other calculations, which are a necessary part of design. Computer models permit a study of special relationships and applications, which are given in the chapter which follows. Models can be manipulated into pleasing forms for artistic approval or for the basis for Additive Manufacturing or Rapid Machining before production work follows...
eBook - ePubManual of Engineering Drawing
Technical Product Specification and Documentation to British and International Standards
- Colin H. Simmons, Dennis E. Maguire(Authors)
- 2009(Publication Date)
- Butterworth-Heinemann(Publisher)
...Economic production requires that down time is eliminated before full-scale production commences. Computer aided draughting and design CAD is much more than drawing lines and geometry by electronic means. Similarly by the purchase of a CAD system, a design does not emerge at the push of a button. ‘Buy a computer and you do not need a draughtsman’ is also very different from reality (see Chapter 1). The engineering designer is very much responsible for decisions taken at all technical stages between conception and production. The computer is an aid and performs as it is directed with rapidity and accuracy. The following notes are included to indicate areas of useful activity to assist the draughtsman. The preparation of two- and three-dimensional drawings and models and the projection of associated views is the ’bread and butter’ work in the drawing office. Service manuals use exploded views so that people with no technical training can follow assembly sequences. Children stick together model kits with guidance using pictorial diagrams. CAD programs are available where a three-dimensional model can be produced automatically given two-dimensional views. From the dimensions of the component, the computer will calculate surface areas, volumes, weights for different materials, centres of gravity, moments of inertia, and radii of gyration; it can also use the applicable values for stress and other calculations, which are a necessary part of design. Computer models permit a study of special relationships and applications given in the chapter which follows. Models can be manipulated into pleasing forms for artistic approval or for the basis for Rapid Prototyping or Rapid Machining before production work follows. Previous techniques included modelling with plasticine and plaster, and applications ranged from ornaments to boat hulls and car bodies...
eBook - ePubManual of Engineering Drawing
Technical Product Specification and Documentation to British and International Standards
- Colin H. Simmons, Dennis E. Maguire(Authors)
- 2012(Publication Date)
- Butterworth-Heinemann(Publisher)
...The computer is an aid and performs as it is directed with rapidity and accuracy. The following notes are included to indicate areas of useful activity to assist the draughtsman. The preparation of two- and three-dimensional drawings and models and the projection of associated views is the ‘bread and butter’ work in the drawing office. Service manuals use exploded views so that people with no technical training can follow assembly sequences. Children stick together model kits with guidance using pictorial diagrams. CAD programs are available where a three-dimensional model can be produced automatically given two-dimensional views. From the dimensions of the component, the computer will calculate surface areas, volumes, weights for different materials, centres of gravity, moments of inertia, and radii of gyration; it can also use the applicable values for stress and other calculations, which are a necessary part of design. Computer models permit a study of special relationships and applications, which are given in the chapter which follows. Models can be manipulated into pleasing forms for artistic approval or for the basis for Rapid Prototyping or Rapid Machining before production work follows. Previous techniques included modelling with plasticine and plaster, and applications ranged from ornaments to boat hulls and car bodies. CAD has revolutionized modelling capabilities. Sales departments utilize 3D illustrations in brochures and literature for promotional applications. Desktop publishing from within the company can very simply use illustrations generated as part of the manufacturing process. The scanning of photographs into a CAD system is also an asset especially as photographic work can be retouched, manipulated and animated. Multimedia applications with video and slide presentations form a large part of selling and advertising. Structural design requires a thorough knowledge of engineering material properties...
eBook - ePub- Ming Sun, Rob Howard(Authors)
- 2004(Publication Date)
- Routledge(Publisher)
...People are motivated by the prospect of combining the creative and imaginative power of the designer with the analytical and computational power of the computer to make the architectural design process more informative and productive. As long ago as 1970s, Bazjanac (1975) identified three areas where computer applications were able to offer major benefits: Computer drafting systems could free designers from distracting and unproductive activities, allowing them to concentrate on the creative aspects of design. Computer analytical systems could support design decision making by enabling designers to test and evaluate design alternatives rapidly in the search for an optimum solution. Computer information management systems could offer designers instant access to accumulated knowledge in the building industry. This chapter will concentrate on CAD and visualisation systems. Figure 3.1 2D drawing (image courtesy of Autodesk) 3.1 COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN AND DRAFTING Traditionally two dimensional (2D) drawings have been the main means of communication between members of the building team. Designers use a combination of 2D drawings and specification documents to communicate the design to engineers so that the engineers can make calculations. Similarly, the on-site building workers use drawings as instructions on where and how to lay the building foundation, how tall a wall should be built, how a wall and a roof are joined. For a typical building project, there are hundreds of drawings. The production of these drawing is a main task during the design stage. In 1970, architects were estimated to spend about 30% of their time on drawing. The basic function of CAD packages is that they allow a user to build up drawings by manipulating lines, circles, rectangles and texts interactively on the screen. Some architecture-specific CAD systems even provide graphical libraries of commonly used building elements - doors, windows and so on (Richens, 1990)...
eBook - ePubNew Trends in Process Control and Production Management
Proceedings of the International Conference on Marketing Management, Trade, Financial and Social Aspects of Business (MTS 2017), May 18-20, 2017, Košice, Slovak Republic and Tarnobrzeg, Poland
- Lenka Štofová, Petra Szaryszová, Lenka Štofová, Petra Szaryszová(Authors)
- 2017(Publication Date)
- CRC Press(Publisher)
...Application of computer aided technology in production system planning Š. Václav, P. Košťál, Š. Lecký & D. Michal Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Trnava, Slovak Republic ABSTRACT: Production system planning in production processes and it’s subsystems like assembly etc. Computer aided technology play huge role when company want to be competitive. Optimization by CA systems can improve whole production process and cut manufacturing or assembly times. This kind of systems give to company an advantage in market. Tool which can eliminate mistakes in production planning even before production starts is very powerful. If CA technology is used correctly in production planning it can safe financial resources and lot of time spent for errors fixing. This paper deals with application of computer aided technology specifically in production planning. Software Tecnomatix Plant Simulation from company SIEMENS will be used for creation of examples. Tecnomatix Plant Simulation was applicated into experiments which are shown in this paper. This software is aimed for planning and optimizing of production systems with high level of complexity. 1 INTRODUCTION We can see that pressure on improving effectiveness of production systems is increasing and that is based purely on competition in international production network. Logistic concept is needed for international logistic networks. For managing, these needs are made tools like digital factory in context of product life cycle management. Connection to logistic concept is needed for international logistic networks. “Simulation of complete material flow with all important activities like production, storage and transport activities is key component of digital factory in industry. Lowering the storage capacities by 20–60% and increasing of throughput of existing production system by 15–20% is possible in real life projects...
