An Army Afire

How the US Army Confronted Its Racial Crisis in the Vietnam Era

Beth Bailey

• Publisher: The University of North Carolina Press
• Year: 2023
• Print ISBN: 9781469673264
• eBook ISBN: 9781469673271
• Topic: History
• Subtopic: African American History
• Index: History

By the late 1960s, what had been widely heralded as the best qualified, best-trained army in US history was descending into crisis as the Vietnam War raged without end. Morale was tanking. AWOL rates were rising. And in August 1968, a group of Black soldiers seized control of the infamous Long Binh Jail, burned buildings, and beat a white inmate to death with a shovel. The days of “same mud, same blood” were over, and a new generation of Black GIs had decisively rejected the slights and institutional racism their forefathers had endured.

As Black and white soldiers fought in barracks and bars, with violence spilling into surrounding towns within the US and in West Germany, Vietnam, South Korea, and Japan, army leaders grew convinced that the growing racial crisis undermined the army’s ability to defend the nation. Acclaimed military historian Beth Bailey shows how the US Army tried to solve that racial crisis (in army terms, “the problem of race”). Army leaders were surprisingly creative in confronting demands for racial justice, even willing to challenge fundamental army principles of discipline, order, hierarchy, and authority. Bailey traces a frustrating yet fascinating story, as a massive, conservative institution came to terms with demands for change.

Table of contents

• Cover Page
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Dedication
• Contents
• List of Illustrations
• A Note on Language
• Abbreviations
• Introduction
• 1. A Tactic of Silence
• 2. Same Mud, Same Blood
• 3. Defining the Problem
• 4. Leadership
• 5. Education and Training
• 6. Culture and Identity
• 7. Off-Post Discrimination
• 8. Military Justice
• 9. Affirmative Actions
• Conclusion
• Acknowledgments
• Notes
• Index