Panama and the United States

The Forced Alliance

Michael Conniff, Lester Langley

• Publisher: University of Georgia Press
• Year: 2012
• Print ISBN: 9780820344140
• eBook ISBN: 9780820344775
• Topic: History
• Subtopic: North American History
• Index: History

After Panama assumed control of the Panama Canal in 1999, its relations with the United States became those of a friendly neighbor. In this third edition, Michael L. Conniff describes Panama's experience as owner-operator of one of the world's premier waterways and the United States' adjustment to its new, smaller role. He finds that Panama has done extremely well with the canal and economic growth but still struggles to curb corruption, drug trafficking, and money laundering. Historically, Panamanians aspired to have their country become a crossroads of the world, while Americans sought to tame a vast territory and protect their trade and influence around the globe. The building of the Panama Canal (1904–14) locked the two countries in their parallel quests but failed to satisfy either fully. Drawing on a wide array of sources, Conniff considers the full range of factors—political, social, strategic, diplomatic, economic, and intellectual—that have bound the two countries together.

Table of contents

• Cover Page
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Dedication
• Contents
• Preface to the Third Edition
• Introduction
• 1. Independence and Early Relations
• 2. The Railroad Era
• 3. The French Period
• 4. Canal Diplomacy, 1902–1919
• 5. From Gunboats to the Nuclear Age, 1920–1945
• 6. Uneasy Partners, 1945–1960
• 7. A Time of Troubles and Treaties, 1960–1979
• 8. Treaty Implementation, 1979–1985
• 9. The Noriega Crisis and Bush’s Ordeal
• 10. Canal Ownership and Sovereignty at Last
• 11. Beyond the Forced Alliance
• Notes
• Bibliographical Essay
• Supplemental Bibliographical Essay for the Second Edition
• Supplemental Bibliographical Essay for the Third Edition
• Index