Intensive Intermediate Latin

A Grammar and Workbook

Jean-Francois Mondon

• Verlag: Routledge
• Jahr: 2015
• ISBN:
  9781317406426
• Auflage: 1
• Thema: Languages & Linguistics
• Thema: Languages

Intensive Intermediate Latin: A Grammar and Workbook comprises an accessible grammar and related exercises in a single volume. It outlines every major grammatical point usually taught in an intermediate college Latin course, as well as other grammatical topics which may be introduced in the first semester of reading prose or poetry.

Features include:

• Careful management and repetition of vocabulary used to encourage sole focus on the grammar
• A variety of exercises to enable students to recognize and isolate the grammatical structures in English, helping them to translate into Latin with greater ease
• Frequent Latin to English and full English to Latin translations
• Exercises requiring students to modify aspects of Latin sentences in order to enable improved grammar acquisition

Written by an experienced instructor, Intensive Intermadiate Latin: A Grammar and Workbook is an ideal resource for students who want to build on their foundations of Latin. The title can be used as a textbook, grammar reference and practice resource for students and independent learners with some knowledge of the language.

Intensive Intermediate Latin, with its sister volume Basic Latin, forms a compendium of essentials of Latin grammar.

UNIT 1

Deponent verbs

Background

Recall that Latin verbs have two voices: the active and passive. In the former voice the subject of the sentence is identical to the agent of the action expressed in the verb.

The mailman walks down the street often.

[active, because the subject is doing the walking]

We saw the dog chasing the cat.

[active, because the subject did the seeing]

In the passive voice the subject does not correspond to the agent of the verbal action. Rather, the subject is the entity affected by the action expressed in the verb.

The street is newly paved every summer.

[passive, because the subject is not doing the paving]

The cat was seen by us.

[passive, because the subject did not do the seeing]

Latin structure

There is a large class of verbs in Latin which only take passive forms. Surprisingly and uniquely, however, these verbs are not translated as passive, but rather, as active. That is, they are passive in form but active in meaning. Such deponent verbs exist in all four conjugations.

• Deponent verbs have only 3 principal parts.

○ The first principal part is the 1^st person sg. present.

mīror I admire, polliceor I promise, sequor I follow, patior I suffer, orior I rise

○ The second principal part is the present infinitive.

For the formation of passive infinitives see Unit 3

□ mīrārī to admire, pollicērī to promise, sequī to follow, patī to suffer, orīrī to rise

○ The third principal part is the 1^st person sg. masculine perfect.

mīrātus sum I admired, pollicitus sum I promised, secūtus sum I followed, passus sum I suffered, ortus sum I rose

• They take all the normal passive endings. Mīror can serve as an example:

○ The perfect forms below may also be translated as I have admired, you have admired, s/he ~ it has admired, etc.

Present	Imperfect	Future
mīror I admire	mīrābar I was admiring	mīrābor I will admire
mīrāris you admire	mīrābāris you were admiring	mīrāberis you will admire
mīrātur s/he, it admires	mīrābātur s/he, it was admiring	mīrābitur s/he, it will admire
mīrāmur we admire	mīrābāmur we were admiring	mīrābimur we will admire
mīrāminī you admire	mīrābāminī you were admiring	mīrābiminī you will admire
mīrantur they admire	mīrābantur they were admiring	mīrabuntur they will admire

Perfect	Pluperfect
mīrātus (-a, -um) sum I admired	mīrātus (-a, -um) eram I had admired
mīrātus (-a, -um) es you admired	mīrātus (-a, -um) erās you had admired
mīrātus (-a, -um) est s/he, it admired	mīrātus (-a, -um) erat s/he, it had admired
mīrātī (-ae, -a) sumus we admired	mīrātī (-ae, -a) erāmus we had admired
mīrātī (-ae, -a) estis you admired	mīrātī (-ae, -a) erātis you had admired
mīrātī (-ae, -a) sunt they admired	mīrātī (-ae, -a) erant they had admired

Future perfect

mīrātus (-a, -um) erō I will have admired

mīrātus (-a, -um) eris you will have admired

mīrātus (-a, -um) erit s/he, it will have admired

mīrātī (-ae, -a) erimus we will have admired

mīrātī (-ae, -a) eritis you will have admired

mīrātī (-ae, -a) erunt they will have admired

...