Conventional and Alternative Power Generation

Thermodynamics, Mitigation and Sustainability

Neil Packer, Tarik Al-Shemmeri

• Verlag: Wiley
• Jahr: 2018
• ISBN:
  9781119479406
• Auflage: 1
• Thema: Tecnología e ingeniería
• Thema: Recursos energéticos

A much-needed, up-to-date guide on conventional and alternative power generation

This book goes beyond the traditional methods of power generation. It introduces the many recent innovations on the production of electricity and the way they play a major role in combating global warming and improving the efficiency of generation. It contains a strong analytical approach to underpin the theory of power plants—for those using conventional fuels, as well as those using renewable fuels—and looks at the problems from a unique environmental engineering perspective. The book also includes numerous worked examples and case studies to demonstrate the working principles of these systems.

Conventional and Alternative Power Generation: Thermodynamics, Mitigation and Sustainability is divided into 8 chapters that comprehensively cover: thermodynamic systems; vapor power cycles, gas power cycles, combustion; control of particulates; carbon capture and storage; air pollution dispersal; and renewable energy and power plants.

• Features an abundance of worked examples and tutorials
• Examines the problems of generating power from an environmental engineering perspective
• Includes all of the latest information, technology, theories, and principles on power generation

Conventional and Alternative Power Generation: Thermodynamics, Mitigation and Sustainability is an ideal text for courses on mechanical, chemical, and electrical engineering.

1
Thermodynamic Systems

1.1 Overview

Thermodynamics is the science relating heat and work transfers and the associated changes in the properties of the working substance within a predefined working system. A thermodynamic system is one that is concerned with the generation of heat and/or work using a working fluid. In this chapter, thermodynamic system behaviour will be described and the changes in properties will be calculated during the different processes encountered in typical engineering applications.

Learning Outcomes

• To understand the basic units and properties of thermodynamic systems.
• To be able to apply the laws of thermodynamics to closed and open systems.
• To be able to apply the first law of thermodynamics and calculate the changes in properties during a process and a cycle.
• To be able to solve problems related to compression and expansion of steam and gases.

1.2 Thermodynamic System Definitions

A thermodynamic system comprises an amount of matter enclosed within a boundary separating it from the outside surroundings.

There are two types of thermodynamic system:

• A closed system has a fixed mass and a flexible boundary.
• An open system has a variable mass (or mass flow) and a fixed boundary.

1.3 Thermodynamic Properties

A thermodynamic property of a substance refers to any quantity whose changes are defined only by the end states and by the process. Examples are the pressure, volume and temperature of the working fluid in the system in Figure 1.1. In addition to these three properties, other thermodynamic properties include enthalpy, entropy and internal energy, which are all important in studying the behaviour of the working fluid in a power plant.

Figure 1.1 Thermodynamic system, boundary and surroundings.

A list of the most common p...