Social Sciences
New Media
New media refers to digital communication technologies that have emerged in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, such as the internet, social media, and mobile devices. It encompasses the production, distribution, and consumption of digital content, enabling interactive and participatory communication. New media has transformed the way information is created, shared, and accessed, impacting various aspects of society and culture.
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7 Key excerpts on "New Media"
eBook - PDFOrganizing Networks
An Actor-Network Theory of Organizations
- Andréa Belliger, David J. Krieger(Authors)
- 2016(Publication Date)
- transcript Verlag(Publisher)
Hartley, Burgess, and Bruns (2013) offer a definition of New Media as “those media that are associated with the postbroadcast era of interactive or participatory communication using networked, digital, online affordances [...]” (3). So significant are the social changes that New Media are said to have initiated that Mark Poster (1995) could speak of the “Second Media Age” in distinction to the age of broadcast mass media. In a review of literature on the influence of ICTs on society, Arsenault (2011) proceeds from the assumption that “The digitization of information into the universal language of electronic binary code has blurred the boundary between technological and human interaction” (259). Arsenault points out that this impact has led social scientists to turn their attention “to the ways in which computer networks have facilitated radical changes to societal practices and organization” (259). Despite the fact that there is a wide diversity of approaches to understanding the social impact of New Media, one thing is seemingly indisputable, New Media have changed and are changing society and therefore have become an important topic in the social sciences as well as in organization studies. 5 It can be said that there are three major approaches to understanding the influence of ICTs on society. One approach begins from ICTs as technical infrastructure. In this view, typical of the work of Feldman 4 | The following discussion of New Media is based on the treatment of this topic in Krieger/Belliger (2014) and Belliger/Krieger (2016). For a different view, see the work done under the title of the Social Study of Information Systems https:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_Study_of_Information_Systems. 5 | For a discussion of the impact of New Media on organizations, see for example Monge/Contractor (2003).
eBook - PDFNetworks of Communication in South Africa
New Media, New Technologies
- R. Sooryamoorthy(Author)
- 2017(Publication Date)
- Cambridge University Press(Publisher)
New Media, as Marvin (1988) elaborates, include the use of new communications technology for both old and new purposes. New ways of using old technologies include all possibilities for the exchange of social realities. Despite definitional disagreements, scholars have generally considered that New Media are those emerging new communication technologies that include the cellphone and the Internet (Doyle, 2008; Gane and Beer, 2008; Gershon and Bell, 2013; Lister et al., 2009; Marvin, 1988; Peters, 2009; Tomasello et al., 2010; Zhou, 2011). The advancement in New Media technology has been substantial if not phenomenal in communication media. When media are in their constant path of development, transformation and expansion, socio- logical studies that look at the multidimensional aspects of media in varying social and cultural settings are the natural consequence (Sooryamoorthy, 2008). Interest has been growing in how media affect communication and how people understand the uses of the media (Gershon and Bell, 2013). The New Media drew both commercial and academic interests and concerns. Looked at from different angles, perspectives and standpoints, inter- est in New Media proliferated. These interests could be summarised as those relating to access, adoption, usage, patterns, digital divide, chal- lenges, effects, impacts, consequences, growth, development, commu- nication and networks. But even this list is not exhaustive. Many new areas of both academic and industrial values continue to surface rapidly. The emergent literature in this field is proof of the growth and the significance of the New Media in varying social, economic and cultural contexts (Sooryamoorthy, 2015b). The term ‘New Media’ is extensive in its coverage, under which scores of themes are subsumed. However, serious interest has not been shown in certain crucial areas of media and communication that deserve intellectual engagement.
eBook - ePub- Andrew Dewdney, Peter Ride(Authors)
- 2013(Publication Date)
- Routledge(Publisher)
There are a growing number of digital media titles on the bookshelves and in some important respects there is an overlap between work being described as New Media and that defined as digital media. The main problem with the term digital media is that it has a tendency to privilege technology itself as the defining aspect of a medium, as if all digital media practice will be first and foremost about, or reflect the character of, digital technology. However, continued technical convergence in media production alongside of the growth of social media now questions the emphasis upon both sets of terms. New Media, for example is now very much the established basis of most online user practices and digital media is entailed in most media production, leaving us with the question: what does either term distinguish?The term New Media still signals more about the dimension of the contemporary cultural concepts and contexts of media practices than it does about simply an integrated set of technologies. It is important and absolutely central to the approach of this book that the technological means and cultural and expressive practices are thought of as inseparable parts of the term digital media. The relationship between technologies and cultural and media practices needs to be understood as linked at every stage, from strategy, research and development to use. While this book has now adopted the term digital media over that of New Media, this is in part because of the recognition that New Media builds in its own redundancy. It takes little mental effort to reflect that all media must have been new at some point in their history and the question is then quickly begged, when will New Media stop being new and become old or just media? The general answer is of course that New Media will become old media when something else comes along that is significantly different. Superficially, the term New Media suggests that at the core of its meaning it is its ‘newness’, or novelty that interests and excites. But novelty is by nature ephemeral and the excitement of the new quickly wears thin. The new, by definition, has not stood the test of time, but historically we are aware that the new can also indicate a set of more radical and fundamental shifts and changes in the ways in which human affairs are conducted. Hindsight has taught us that the twentieth century contains a catalogue of ‘the new’ in many areas of everyday life as well as in extraordinary scientific and cultural achievement. Indeed, the twentieth century was established on the legacy of progress bequeathed by the industrial revolution. Ideas about the newness of New Media and its technological base are deeply rooted in the historical notion of social and scientific progress.
eBook - ePub- Terje Rasmussen(Author)
- 2019(Publication Date)
- Taylor & Francis(Publisher)
5 New Media and the Contexts of Daily LifeCommunication technologies set off new contexts for communication in very different ways from both print media and electronic mass media. At issue in this essay is the transformation of agency and interaction from particular places into communicative situations — the substitution of place for an expanded space. I’d like to address the relationships between media technologies, social interaction and forms of social context, and to draw some ideal-typical and practical lines between forms of communication and contexts.In relation to media technologies, contexts pose several complicated questions. For instance, what is the ‘context’ when watching television or engaged in computer-mediated communication? How should we characterise communicative practices when material and communicative contexts overlap and blend into new ones? Such questions indicate how difficult it is to understand the communicative experiences of the modern individual with the wide range of modes of mediation at hand which reproduce and disintegrate the lifeworld.The term ‘contextualization’ refers here to the digital construction of context — how communication technologies take part in the construction and reproduction of contexts of symbolic action. In contrasting the contextual significance of communication technologies with electronic (mass) media, I shall seek to expose significant aspects of the dynamics of communication technologies in the contextual constitution of agency. Surely, communication technologies do not ‘decontextualise’ communication, as is argued (see Feenberg, 1991: 99), they recontexualise
eBook - PDFJournalism and PR
Unpacking Spin, Stereotypes, and Media Myths
- Jim Macnamara(Author)
- 2014(Publication Date)
Traditional media industries are largely in the mess they are in because the management of most were Luddites when it came to recognizing what many now call ‘the fourth media revolution’ after the inventions of writing, the printing press, and broadcasting (Balnaves, Donald, & Shoesmith, 2009). For instance, in his 2005 speech to the American Society of Newspaper Editors in New York, Rupert Murdoch admitted that he and his empire had underestimated the importance of the Internet (Murdoch, 2005). The Pew Research Center Project for Excellence in Journalism has warned for some time that these changes have major implications for journalism (e.g., Pew Research Center, 2004). Author of The Vanishing Newspaper: Saving Journalism in the Information Age, Philip Meyer, says the Internet is “as disruptive to today’s newspapers as Gutenberg’s invention of movable type was to the town criers, the journalists of the 15th century” (2008, para. 10). John Pavlik describes the rise of social media such as blogs as a “sea change” with “far reaching implications for the nature and function of journalism in modern society” (2008, p. 77). Social Media—Let’s All Be Friends! While they are called ‘New Media’ in many texts (e.g., Flew, 2008, 2014; Liev- rouw & Livingstone, 2002; Lister, Dovey, Giddings, Grant, & Kelly, 2009; Siapera, 2012), the growing range of online communication applications that 196 | JOURNALISM AND PR : UNPACKING ‘ SPIN ’, STEREOT YPES , AND MEDIA MY THS comprise what is referred to as Web 2.0—such as blogs, microblogging, social networks, and video and photo sharing—are referred to here as social media, noting that many are no longer new and also because the term ‘social’ more spe- cifically denotes their key characteristics.
- William Sims Bainbridge, William S. Bainbridge(Authors)
- 2011(Publication Date)
- SAGE Publications, Inc(Publisher)
Consider the example of an arts institution that has gallery assistants staffing the exhibitions on a daily basis. With little technology, these people could become ambassadors for the institution by generating content in social media environments without having to leave their stool within the gallery. This could dramatically transform the impact that an organization may have online without requiring any additional major investments. Each individual within the organization will have his or her unique social media identity and commu-nity allowing the organization to reach out through its core community—its staff—to communicate its work. Conclusion The proliferation of social media may bring into question the significance of the term New Media . Yet, the concept of the New Media requires addressing in such a way as to acknowledge the various forms in which innovation has occurred around media platforms generally and their cul-tural integration specifically. This involves taking into account the role of dominant media organizations, as well 270 – • – III. CONTEXTS as considering prominent new organizations. Indeed, when trying to assess future directions in New Media, these vari-ous elements are essential to take into account, so as not to embrace naïvely the cyber-libertarianism of the 1990s. However, it also crucial to acknowledge, so as to under-stand the important ways in which New Media artifacts have transformed society to various degrees. Yet, a great deal remains uncertain about New Media culture. For instance, if one were to characterize an ideal online population, then one must acknowledge some limit-ing factors. For instance, consider Robin Dunbar’s (1992) claim that people can, at best, maintain meaningful human relations with perhaps no more than 150 people, beyond which it becomes harder to claim that the relationship has any significance in the person’s life.
eBook - PDF- James Curran(Author)
- 2010(Publication Date)
- Bloomsbury Academic(Publisher)
The organization of communication through networks specifically challenges the dominant ‘one-to-many’ frame of mass communication by adding in also one-to-one, some-to-some and many-to-many communication. This puts mass communication into its place, 137 Interactive, engaging but unequal historically speaking, as a particular feature of the past century or so and it makes visible the continuities from previous centuries to today (Darnton, 2000). Third, and more subtle perhaps, is the answer to the puzzle that online media appear simultaneously extraordinarily new and yet not radically different from the past (Jankowski, Jones, Samarajiva and Silverstone, 1999): the internet is best char-acterized as recombinant – it reconfigures or remediates, so that older media (and the social practices associated with them) are appropriated, refashioned or absorbed by the new (Bolter and Grusin, 1999). Thus, ‘New Media systems are products of a continuous hybridization of both existing technologies and innovations in intercon-nected technical and institutional networks’ (Lievrouw and Livingstone, 2006b, p. 23). As Castells (2002, p. 1) says of networks, and as we might also say of educa-tion, communication or participation, none of this is inherently new to history but they ‘have taken on a new life in our time by becoming [mediated by] information networks, powered by the internet’. Or as McLuhan (1994, p. 8) said, ‘the “content” of any medium is always another medium … the “message” of any medium or technology is the change of scale or pace or pattern that it introduces into human affairs’ – hence the continuously emergent nature of media as they enhance, reverse, retrieve or make obsolete earlier forms and systems.
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