Judgment and Decision-Making
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Judgment and Decision-Making

In the Lab and the World

Nancy S. Kim

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  1. 305 pages
  2. English
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  4. Available on iOS & Android
eBook - PDF

Judgment and Decision-Making

In the Lab and the World

Nancy S. Kim

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About This Book

How do we make the judgments that inform our lives? Is there any way of consciously removing bias from the choices we make? What do our everyday personal decisions have in common with those made by groups, companies, and even nations? In this engaging and innovative textbook, Nancy Kim presents a multidisciplinary introduction to the dynamic field of judgment and decision-making. This lucidly written text delivers insights from cognitive psychology, aptly combining with interdependent findings from fields as diverse as neuropsychology, behavioural economics, social, developmental and clinical psychology, and philosophy. Offering not only a comprehensive explanation of the neurological structures and cognitive processes that underlie how we make decisions and form judgments in our everyday lives, readers can expect to learn the implications of these decisions upon an individual's prospects for health and longevity. Understanding behaviour is a central aspect of inquiry in the psychology discipline and as such this book is an essential companion for students taking undergraduate psychology, cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience courses; particularly those which include a module in judgment and decision-making. This text may also be helpful for undergraduate and postgraduate business courses on the subject.

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Information

Publisher
Bloomsbury Academic
Year
2017
ISBN
9781137269560
Edition
1
Topic
Psychology
Subtopic
Cognitive Psychology & Cognition
Index
Psychology
PART
I
Making 
Likelihood 
Judgments
19
Availability 
and 
Representativeness
Learning 
Goals
By 
the 
end 
of 
this 
chapter, 
you 
will 
have:
• 
Considered 
the 
general 
problem 
of 
how 
people 
judge 
the 
likelihood 
of 
an 
event 
under 
conditions 
of 
uncertainty.
• 
Considered 
evidence 
for 
how 
people 
may 
take 
mental 
shortcuts 
such 
as 
the 
availability 
heuristic, 
representativeness 
heuristic, 
and 
other 
related 
heuristics 
to 
make 
likelihood 
judgments.
• 
Critically 
evaluated 
alternative 
ways 
of 
making 
sense 
of 
this 
evidence.
• 
Asked 
whether 
research 
on 
the 
availability 
heuristic 
can 
provide 
insight 
into 
understanding 
health-related 
reasoning.
• 
Evaluated 
whether, 
and 
how, 
the 
use 
of 
the 
availability 
heuristic 
changes 
over 
the 
developmental 
lifespan.
• 
Assessed 
the 
relationship 
between 
research 
on 
the 
representativeness 
heuris-
tic 
and 
research 
on 
stereotyping 
in 
social 
judgment.
• 
Considered 
the 
role 
of 
the 
representativeness 
heuristic 
in 
shaping 
and 
influ-
encing 
the 
study 
of 
human 
behavior 
itself.
2
Key 
Terms
Heuristic
Availability 
heuristic
Availability
Accessibility
Set-size 
judgment
Relative 
frequency-of-occurrence 
judgment
Availability-by-number 
hypothesis
Availability-by-speed 
hypothesis
Letter-class 
hypothesis
Regressed-frequencies 
hypothesis
Representativeness 
heuristic
Representativeness
Prototype
Law 
of 
small 
numbers
Law 
of 
large 
numbers
Base 
rates
Conjunction 
rule
Conjunction 
fallacy
WEIRD

Table of contents