Biological Sciences
Role of Biotechnology
Biotechnology plays a crucial role in harnessing biological systems and processes for various applications. It involves the use of living organisms or their products to develop new technologies and products in fields such as agriculture, medicine, and environmental management. By manipulating biological systems at the molecular and cellular levels, biotechnology has the potential to address global challenges and improve human well-being.
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11 Key excerpts on "Role of Biotechnology"
No longer available |Learn more- (Author)
- 2014(Publication Date)
- Academic Studio(Publisher)
The biotechnology sector has allowed the U.S. farming industry to rapidly increase its supply of corn and soybeans—the main inputs into biofuels—by developing genetically modified seeds which are resistant to pests and drought. By boosting farm productivity, biotechnology plays a crucial role in ensuring that biofuel production targets are met. Applications A rose plant that began as cells grown in a tissue culture Biotechnology has applications in four major industrial areas, including health care (medical), crop production and agriculture, non food (industrial) uses of crops and other products (e.g. biodegradable plastics, vegetable oil, biofuels), and environmental uses. ____________________ WORLD TECHNOLOGIES ____________________ For example, one application of biotechnology is the directed use of organisms for the manufacture of organic products (examples include beer and milk products). Another example is using naturally present bacteria by the mining industry in bioleaching. Biotechnology is also used to recycle, treat waste, clean up sites contaminated by industrial activities (bioremediation), and also to produce biological weapons. A series of derived terms have been coined to identify several branches of biotechnology, for example: • Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field which addresses biological problems using computational techniques, and makes the rapid organization and analysis of biological data possible. The field may also be referred to as computational biology , and can be defined as, conceptualizing biology in terms of molecules and then applying informatics techniques to understand and organize the information associated with these molecules, on a large scale. Bioinformatics plays a key role in various areas, such as functional genomics, structural genomics, and proteomics, and forms a key component in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical sector.
No longer available |Learn more- (Author)
- 2014(Publication Date)
- The English Press(Publisher)
________________________ WORLD TECHNOLOGIES ________________________ Chapter- 1 Biotechnology Insulin crystals. Biotechnology is a field of applied biology that involves the use of living organisms and bioprocesses in engineering, technology, medicine and other fields requiring bioproducts. Modern use similar term includes genetic engineering as well as cell- and tissue culture technologies. The concept encompasses a wide range of procedures (and history) for mo-difying living organisms according to human purposes - going back to domestication of animals, cultivation of plants, and improvements to these through breeding programs that employ artificial selection and hybridization. By comparison to biotechnology, bio-engineering is generally thought of as a related field with its emphasis more on higher systems approaches (not necessarily altering or using biological materials directly ) for interfacing with and utilizing living things. The United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity defines biotechnology as: Any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or de-rivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use. Biotechnology draws on the pure biological sciences (genetics, microbiology, animal cell culture, molecular biology, biochemistry, embryology, cell biology) and in many ins-tances is also dependent on knowledge and methods from outside the sphere of biology ________________________ WORLD TECHNOLOGIES ________________________ (chemical engineering, bioprocess engineering, information technology, biorobotics). Conversely, modern biological sciences (including even concepts such as molecular eco-logy) are intimately entwined and dependent on the methods developed through bio-technology and what is commonly thought of as the life sciences industry.
No longer available |Learn more- (Author)
- 2014(Publication Date)
- Library Press(Publisher)
________________________ WORLD TECHNOLOGIES ________________________ pests and drought. By boosting farm productivity, biotechnology plays a crucial role in ensuring that biofuel production targets are met. Applications A rose plant that began as cells grown in a tissue culture Biotechnology has applications in four major industrial areas, including health care (medical), crop production and agriculture, non food (industrial) uses of crops and other products (e.g. biodegradable plastics, vegetable oil, biofuels), and environmental uses. For example, one application of biotechnology is the directed use of organisms for the manufacture of organic products (examples include beer and milk products). Another example is using naturally present bacteria by the mining industry in bioleaching. Biotechnology is also used to recycle, treat waste, clean up sites contaminated by industrial activities (bioremediation), and also to produce biological weapons. ________________________ WORLD TECHNOLOGIES ________________________ A series of derived terms have been coined to identify several branches of biotechnology, for example: • Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field which addresses biological problems using computational techniques, and makes the rapid organization and analysis of biological data possible. The field may also be referred to as computational bio-logy , and can be defined as, conceptualizing biology in terms of molecules and then applying informatics techniques to understand and organize the information associated with these molecules, on a large scale. Bioinformatics plays a key role in various areas, such as functional genomics, structural genomics, and proteo-mics, and forms a key component in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical sector. • Blue biotechnology is a term that has been used to describe the marine and aquatic applications of biotechnology, but its use is relatively rare. • Green biotechnology is biotechnology applied to agricultural processes.
No longer available |Learn more- (Author)
- 2014(Publication Date)
- Orange Apple(Publisher)
________________________ WORLD TECHNOLOGIES ________________________ Chapter- 7 Biotechnology Insulin crystals Biotechnology is a field of applied biology that involves the use of living organisms and bioprocesses in engineering, technology, medicine and other fields requiring bioproducts. Modern use of similar terms includes genetic engineering as well as cell- and tissue culture technologies. The concept encompasses a wide range of procedures (and history) for modifying living organisms according to human purposes - going back to domestication of animals, cultivation of plants, and improvements to these through breeding programs that employ artificial selection and hybridization. By comparison to biotechnology, bioengineering is generally thought of as a related field with its emphasis more on higher systems approaches (not necessarily altering or using biological materials directly ) for interfacing with and utilizing living things. The United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity defines biotechnology as: Any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use. Biotechnology draws on the pure biological sciences (genetics, microbiology, animal cell culture, molecular biology, biochemistry, embryology, cell biology) and in many instances is also dependent on knowledge and methods from outside the sphere of biology (chemical engineering, bioprocess engineering, information technology, bioro- ________________________ WORLD TECHNOLOGIES ________________________ botics). Conversely, modern biological sciences (including even concepts such as molecular ecology) are intimately entwined and dependent on the methods developed through biotechnology and what is commonly thought of as the life sciences industry.
No longer available |Learn more- (Author)
- 2014(Publication Date)
- College Publishing House(Publisher)
____________________ WORLD TECHNOLOGIES ____________________ Chapter- 1 Biotechnology Insulin crystals. Biotechnology is a field of applied biology that involves the use of living organisms and bioprocesses in engineering, technology, medicine and other fields requiring bioproducts. Modern use similar term includes genetic engineering as well as cell- and tissue culture technologies. The concept encompasses a wide range of procedures (and history) for modifying living organisms according to human purposes - going back to domestication of animals, cultivation of plants, and improvements to these through breeding programs that employ artificial selection and hybridization. By comparison to biotechnology, bioengineering is generally thought of as a related field with its emphasis more on higher systems approaches (not necessarily altering or using biological materials directly ) for interfacing with and utilizing living things. The United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity defines biotechnology as: Any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use. Biotechnology draws on the pure biological sciences (genetics, microbiology, animal cell culture, molecular biology, biochemistry, embryology, cell biology) and in many instances is also dependent on knowledge and methods from outside the sphere of ____________________ WORLD TECHNOLOGIES ____________________ biology (chemical engineering, bioprocess engineering, information technology, biorobotics). Conversely, modern biological sciences (including even concepts such as molecular ecology) are intimately entwined and dependent on the methods developed through biotechnology and what is commonly thought of as the life sciences industry.
No longer available |Learn more- (Author)
- 2014(Publication Date)
- Research World(Publisher)
By boosting farm productivity, biotechnology plays a crucial role in ensuring that biofuel production targets are met. Applications A rose plant that began as cells grown in a tissue culture ________________________ WORLD TECHNOLOGIES ________________________ Biotechnology has applications in four major industrial areas, including health care (medical), crop production and agriculture, non food (industrial) uses of crops and other products (e.g. biodegradable plastics, vegetable oil, biofuels), and environmental uses. For example, one application of biotechnology is the directed use of organisms for the manufacture of organic products (examples include beer and milk products). Another example is using naturally present bacteria by the mining industry in bioleaching. Biotechnology is also used to recycle, treat waste, clean up sites contaminated by industrial activities (bioremediation), and also to produce biological weapons. A series of derived terms have been coined to identify several branches of biotechnology, for example: • Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field which addresses biological problems using computational techniques, and makes the rapid organization and analysis of biological data possible. The field may also be referred to as computational biology , and can be defined as, conceptualizing biology in terms of molecules and then applying informatics techniques to understand and organize the information associated with these molecules, on a large scale. Bioinformatics plays a key role in various areas, such as functional genomics, structural genomics, and proteomics, and forms a key component in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical sector. • Blue biotechnology is a term that has been used to describe the marine and aquatic applications of biotechnology, but its use is relatively rare. • Green biotechnology is biotechnology applied to agricultural processes. An example would be the selection and domestication of plants via micropropagation.
No longer available |Learn more- (Author)
- 2014(Publication Date)
- Orange Apple(Publisher)
________________________ WORLD TECHNOLOGIES ________________________ Chapter- 1 Biotechnology Insulin crystals Biotechnology is a field of applied biology that involves the use of living organisms and bioprocesses in engineering, technology, medicine and other fields requiring bioproducts. Modern use of similar terms includes genetic engineering as well as cell- and tissue culture technologies. The concept encompasses a wide range of procedures (and history) for modifying living organisms according to human purposes - going back to domestication of animals, cultivation of plants, and improvements to these through breeding programs that employ artificial selection and hybridization. By comparison to biotechnology, bioengineering is generally thought of as a related field with its emphasis more on higher systems approaches (not necessarily altering or using biological materials directly ) for interfacing with and utilizing living things. The United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity defines biotechnology as: Any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use. Biotechnology draws on the pure biological sciences (genetics, microbiology, animal cell culture, molecular biology, biochemistry, embryology, cell biology) and in many instances is also dependent on knowledge and methods from outside the sphere of biology (chemical engineering, bioprocess engineering, information technology, ________________________ WORLD TECHNOLOGIES ________________________ biorobotics). Conversely, modern biological sciences (including even concepts such as molecular ecology) are intimately entwined and dependent on the methods developed through biotechnology and what is commonly thought of as the life sciences industry.
No longer available |Learn more- (Author)
- 2014(Publication Date)
- College Publishing House(Publisher)
By boosting farm productivity, biotechnology plays a crucial role in ensuring that biofuel production targets are met. Applications A rose plant that began as cells grown in a tissue culture WT ____________________ WORLD TECHNOLOGIES ____________________ Biotechnology has applications in four major industrial areas, including health care (medical), crop production and agriculture, non food (industrial) uses of crops and other products (e.g. biodegradable plastics, vegetable oil, biofuels), and environmental uses. For example, one application of biotechnology is the directed use of organisms for the manufacture of organic products (examples include beer and milk products). Another example is using naturally present bacteria by the mining industry in bioleaching. Biotechnology is also used to recycle, treat waste, clean up sites contaminated by industrial activities (bioremediation), and also to produce biological weapons. A series of derived terms have been coined to identify several branches of biotechnology, for example: • Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field which addresses biological problems using computational techniques, and makes the rapid organization and analysis of biological data possible. The field may also be referred to as computational biology , and can be defined as, conceptualizing biology in terms of molecules and then applying informatics techniques to understand and organize the information associated with these molecules, on a large scale. Bioinformatics plays a key role in various areas, such as functional genomics, structural genomics, and proteomics, and forms a key component in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical sector. • Blue biotechnology is a term that has been used to describe the marine and aquatic applications of biotechnology, but its use is relatively rare. • Green biotechnology is biotechnology applied to agricultural processes. An example would be the selection and domestication of plants via micropropagation.
eBook - PDF- Kumar, Sunil(Authors)
- 2021(Publication Date)
- Biotech(Publisher)
The utilization - in combination with agronomical techniques - of biotechnological tools that were originally produced for the medical area, may help resolve such difficult problems. As an example, the production of vaccines from plants and microorganism with subsequent addition in foods could reduce the cost of vaccination in such areas. The modification of microorganisms for the bioproduction of fuels is also important, and would also be important in under-developed, or developing, countries that have a large surplus of under-utilized complex carbohydrate sources that could be used for bio-production of valuable fuels with existing technologies. All living organisms have the ability to improve themselves through natural means in order to adapt to changing environmental conditions. However, it takes hundreds of years before any detectable improvement is obtained. Man then learned how to domesticate and breed plants in order to develop crops to his own liking and needs using various means including biotechnology. This chapter provides a brief description of current and emerging uses of biotechnology in crops, livestock, fisheries and forestry with a view to understanding the technologies themselves and the ways they complement and extend other approaches. It should be emphasized that the tools of biotechnology are just that: tools, not ends in themselves. As with any tool, they must be assessed within the context in which they are being used. Biotechnology has been traditionally thought to be associated with biomedical, and especially, pharmaceutical applications. Recently, agricultural biotechnology promises to yield even greater and wider gains through the enhancement of crop productivity or the use of transgenic crops than those that medical biotechnology has already achieved by exploiting combinations of cellular and molecular biology techniques.
eBook - PDF- John E. Smith(Author)
- 2009(Publication Date)
- Cambridge University Press(Publisher)
Yet few people fully recognise that the life sciences affect over 30% of global eco-nomic turnover by way of healthcare, food and energy, agriculture and forestry, and that this economic impact will grow as biotechnology pro-vides new ways of influencing raw material processing. Biotechnology will increasingly affect the efficiency of all fields involving the life sciences, and it is now realistically accepted that by the early twenty-first century it will be contributing many trillions of pounds to world markets. In the following chapters, biotechnology will be shown to cover a multi-tude of different applications ranging from the very simple and traditional, such as the production of beers, wines and cheeses, to highly complex molecular processes, such as the use of recombinant DNA technologies to yield new drugs or to introduce new traits into commercial crops and ani-mals. The association of old traditional industries such as brewing with modern genetic engineering is gaining in momentum, and it is not for nothing that industrial giants such as Guinness, Carlsberg and Bass are heavily involved in biotechnology research. Biotechnology is developing at a phenomenal pace, and will increasingly be seen as a necessary part of the advance of modern life and not simply a way to make money! While biotechnology has been defined in many forms ( Table 1.1 ), in essence it implies the use of microbial, animal or plant cells or enzymes to synthesise, break down or transform materials. The European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB) considers biotechnol-ogy as ‘the integration of natural sciences and organisms, cells, parts thereof, and molecular analogues for products and services’. The aims of this federation are: (1) to advance biotechnology for the public benefit (2) to promote awareness, communication and collaboration in all fields of biotechnology
eBook - PDF- Chadha, K L(Authors)
- 2021(Publication Date)
- Daya Publishing House(Publisher)
8: Role of Biotechnology for the Improvement of Production, Productivity and Resistance in Vegetable Crops G. Kalloo 1 *, M. Singh 2 , N. Rai 2 , A.C. Rai 2 , R.S.B. Reddy 2 and K.K. Rai 2 1 Former Vice Chancellor, JNKVV, Jabalpur and Ex-Deputy Director General (Horticulture and Crop Sciences), Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Delhi – 110 001 2 ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, PB-01, Jakhini (Shahanshapur), Varanasi – 221 305, Uttar Pradesh *E-mail: [email protected] Biotechnology is a fast emerging science, in the recent years, has created a great opportunities, not only for the manipulation of biological systems for the beneft of mankind, but also to undertake studies for better understanding of the fundamental life processes. The term biotechnology was coined in 1917 by Hungarian Engineer Karl Ereky to describe a process for large scale production of pigs. According to US National Science Foundation “Biotechnology is defined as any technique that uses living organisms or part of organism to make or modify product, to improve plants or animals, or to develop micro-organisms for specific uses”. In this way, it deals accurate and cost-effective means to produce a range of novel, value-added products. It has the potential to improve food productivity, reduce the use of harmful pesticide, make low cost of raw materials and decrease the adverse environmental impacts related with traditional production methods. Along with this the researcher has improve their basic research using the advance tools of biotechnology into the nature of life and ecosystems at the molecular level can lead to improved farming practices and diagnostic tools for use in This ebook is exclusively for this university only. Cannot be resold/distributed.
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