The Routledge Atlas of Russian History

Martin Gilbert

• Publisher: Routledge
• Year: 2013
• ISBN:
  9781135108304
• Edition: 4
• Topic: History
• Subtopic: World History
• Index: History

The complex and often turbulent history of Russia over the course of 2, 000 years is brought to life in a series of 176 maps by one of the most prolific and successful historian authors today.

This fourth edition of The Routledge Atlas of Russian History covers not only the wars and expansion of Russia but also a wealth of less conspicuous details of its history, from famine and anarchism to the growth of naval strength and the strengths of the river systems.

From 800 BC to the fall of the Soviet Union, this indispensable guide to Russian history covers:

• war and conflict: from the triumph of the Goths between 200 and 400 BC to the defeat of Germany at the end of the Second World War and the end of the Cold War
• politics: from the rise of Moscow in the Middle Ages to revolution, the fall of the monarchy and the collapse of communism
• industry, economics and transport: from the Trans-Siberian Railway between 1891 and 1917 to the Virgin Lands Campaign and the growth of heavy industry
• society, trade and culture: from the growth of monasticism to peasant discontent, Labour Camps and the geographical distribution of ethnic Russians.

Now bringing new material to view, and including seven new maps, this popular atlas will more than readily gain a place on the bookshelves of anyone interested in the history of Russia.

Index

compiled by the author

Aaland Islands: ruled by Russia (1809–1917), 36

Abkhazia: annexed by Russia (1810), 48; an autonomous region (1970), 144; fighting in (1992), 164

Abo: annexed by Russia (1809), 47; Bolshevik propaganda enters Russia through (1903–14), 73

Aboukir [Egypt): bombarded by the Russian fleet (1798–1800), 45

Achinsk: a town of exile in Siberia, 54, 72; a Bolshevik leader in, at the time of the revolution (1917), 88

Aden: Soviet naval facilities at (1970), 141

Adrianople: battle at, and Treaty of (1829), 46, 51

Adriatic Sea: Slavs reach the shore of, 9; Russian naval activity against France in (1798–1800), 45; Russia exports oil through (2005), 169

Afghanistan: a buffet state between Britain and Russia, 61; Soviet invasion of (1979), 149, 150; Soviet arms supplies to (1984–8), 147; Soviet military deaths in (1979–87), 148, Soviet agreement to withdraw from (1988), 151; Soviet troops leave (1988–9), 153; buys arms from Russia, 168

Ahwas (Persia): United States aid goes to the Soviet Union through (1941–5), 120

Aigun: Treaty of (1858), 60

Aix-la-Chapelle: conference of, 50

Akerman: claimed by the Ukrainians, 97

Akmolinsk: factories moved to (1940–42), 113; in Virgin Lands Region (established 1953), 136

Aktiubinsk: Ukrainians at (by 1937), 97; factories moved to (1940–42), 113; Virgin Lands campaign extended to (after 1953), 136

Alans: settle north of Caucasus, 5; temporarily extend their settlements across the Caspian, 7; converted to Eastern Catholicism, 15; conquered by the Mongols of the Golden Horde, 21

Alaska: Russian settlement in (1784) and control of (1784–1867), 44

Albania: communist regime established in (1945), 133; China, not the Soviet Union, regarded as the source of all wisdom for (since (1961), 134; anti-Communist riots in (1990), 155

Albazin: Russian trading depot, founded (1665), 33; annexed by China (1720), 40

Aldan River: Soviet labour camp on, 111; Stalinist deportation of national groups to, 131

Aleppo: a border town of the Islamic world in AD 1000, 15

Aleutian Islands: Russian, sold to the United States (1867), 44

Alexander I: annexes Finland (1809), 47; and the wars with France (1805–1815), 49; and the post-Napoleonic years, 50; establishes Congress Poland (1915), 52

Alexander II: assassinated, 55

Alexander Nevski: repulses Teutonic attack on Novgorod, 22

Alexander the Great, of Macedon: fails to subdue Scythians across Danube, 3

Alexandria: an important city in the Islamic world, 15; bombarded by the Russian fleet (1798–1800), 45; Soviet naval facilities at (1970), 141

Alexandropol: annexed by Russia (1828), 48; name changed to Leninakan, 139

Alexandrovsk: Bolshevik group in (1903–14), 73; attacked by anarchists (1918–20), 95; annexed to the Independent Ukraine (1918), 97

Algeria: Soviet arms supplies to (1984–8), 147; and Russian natural gas production (2006), 173

Alkhanov, Alu: and a Chechen dispute about Russian oil, 169

All-Russian Centre for the Study of Public Opinion, 167

Alma Ata: Ukrainians at (by 1937), 98; Trotsky exiled to (1927), 113; industry at (1941–45), 121; a German plan for (1941), 122; Virgin Lands scheme extended to the north of (after 1953), 136; and the Soviet–Chinese border (1970), 143; riots in (1986), 148, Commonwealth of Independent States established in (1991), 160; becomes capital of independent Republic of Kazakhstan (1991), 161; ethnic Russian minority in (1993), 165

Alps: part of the Roman Empire, 4, 5; reached by the Avars, 8; Slavs settle in the eastern regions of, 9

Amastris (Black Sea port): raided by the Goths, 5; under Roman Catholic control, 24

Ambarchik: a port on the Northern Sea Route, 112

Amderma: Kara Sea Expedition visits (1921), 105; and the Northern Sea Route, 112

Amisus: Greek colony on the Black Sea, 3; raided by the Goths, 5

Amnesty International: condemns racist violence in Russia (2008), 174

Amur, River: northern boundary of the Mongol dominions in the Far East, 21; Russian settlements along, 33; Russian annexations in region of (1860), 60; Ukrainians settle along, 98; forms boundary of the Far Eastern Republic (1920–22), 106; Soviet labour camps on, 111; Jewish Au...