Geography
Sustainable Development Goal 8
Sustainable Development Goal 8 aims to promote sustained, inclusive, and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment, and decent work for all. It also targets to achieve higher levels of economic productivity through diversification, technological upgrading, and innovation. Additionally, it seeks to improve resource efficiency in consumption and production and promote sustainable tourism.
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12 Key excerpts on "Sustainable Development Goal 8"
- Brian P. McCullough, Timothy Kellison, E. Nicole Melton, Brian P. McCullough, Timothy Kellison, E. Nicole Melton(Authors)
- 2022(Publication Date)
- Routledge(Publisher)
Sustainable Development Goal 8: decent work and economic growth
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23 An overview of Sustainable Development Goal 8
Kathryn L. Heinze and Sara SoderstromDOI: 10.4324/9781003023968-23Sustainable Development Goal 8 is to “promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all” (General Assembly, 2015 , p. 14). There are 10 main targets associated with SDG
- Jonas Ebbesson, Ellen Hey(Authors)
- 2022(Publication Date)
- Cambridge University Press(Publisher)
8 SDG 8: Promote Sustained, Inclusive and Sustainable Economic Growth, Full and Productive Employment and Decent Work for All Tonia Novitz abstract This chapter examines the multifaceted content of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 8, Decent Work and Economic Growth, and its relationship with the other SDGs. It argues that, if the aim of SDG 8 is to end exploitative employment practices, then its stress on ‘decent work for all’ should inform the interpretation of all relevant targets and indicators. This is achievable insofar as SDG 8 offers inclusive protection of migrant and other precarious workers, attending to discrimination in the labour market. Also vital is the recognition of collective voice for all those at work, as advocated by International Labour Organization (ILO) and UN reports. While ILO and UN human rights instruments and institutions inform and promote this approach to SDG 8, international economic and investment law as well as financial institutions have the capacity to limit its potential. There are, however, positive shifts on the horizon, which include transnational collective bargaining and policy initiatives encompassing state and non-state actors. keywords SDG 8, decent work, labour standards, precarious work, migrant workers, freedom of association, collective bargaining, trade unions, economic growth, employment, International Labour Organization (ILO) 8.1 introduction This chapter reflects on the attempt made in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 8, Decent Work and Economic Growth, to reconcile ‘economic’ ambitions for growth with the ‘promotion of employment’ and ‘decent work for all’ as a ‘social’ 208 facet of sustainable development. The way in which the adjectives ‘sustained, inclusive and sustainable’ are coined indicate an expectation of potential reconcili- ation.
- Cristiano Busco, Fabrizio Granà, Maria Federica Izzo(Authors)
- 2018(Publication Date)
- Routledge(Publisher)
3.4. The Sustainable Development GoalsThe 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development aims at stimulating action in areas of critical importance for humanity and the planet, encompassing three dimensions: economic, social and environmental, in a balanced and integrated manner, recognizing that a change in the approach is required. In fact, until now sustainable development has been compartmentalized as an environmental issue, but the process of redefining sustainable growth, as illustrated previously, has enlarged its meaning.In this sense, SDGs present the challenge of mobilizing action that will promote the three pillars of sustainable development at the same time.Although the goals are not mandatory, they are acknowledged as a requirement for a competitive and globalized approach toward sustainable development. Through SDGs promoted by the United Nations, countries all over the world are stimulated to act by following an inclusive process based on the Sustainable Development Goals (see Exhibit 3.2 ).Exhibit 3.2. The Sustainable Development Goals.Source: Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 25 September 2015. Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, p. 14.Goal 1 focuses on ending poverty through interrelated strategies, including the promotion of social protection systems, decent employment and building the resilience of the poor. It represents the very essence of sustainable development. Progress has certainly been made on the global rate of extreme poverty – reduced by more than half in the last 17 years – but it is still pervasive in many regions and disproportionately affects the young.The actions to be adopted concern the reinforcement of social protection systems, the increase of decent work opportunities and the strengthening of disaster risk reduction.Goal 2 addresses a fundamental human need: access to nutritious, healthy food, and the means by which it can be sustainably secured for everyone. The solution for this enormous problem can’t be simply by increasing food production. The intervention must refer to system changes, such as well-functioning markets, increased incomes for smallholder farmers, equal access to technology and land, and additional investments in the agricultural sector.
eBook - PDF- Stephen Scoffham(Author)
- 2016(Publication Date)
- Routledge(Publisher)
While time will tell the effectiveness of the Sustainable Development Goals, the proactive language sets out a clear agenda for the role of education and institutions in actively promoting sustainable development. Sustainable development is commonly thought of as having three mutually support- ing dimensions – economic, social and environmental. These work together and link to the idea of quality of life for all, recognising that we live in an interconnected world. They also relate to some of the ‘big’ questions that geography seeks to answer, namely: n Where is this place? What is it like and why? n Why and how is it changing? What will it be like in the future? What kinds of futures do we want? n What do people do here? How are their actions influenced by, and how do they impact on, environments at different scales? n How is this place connected to other places? How am I connected to other people and places? n Who gets what, where, when and how? Who decides? n What’s it got to do with me? Why should I care? Sustainability education is relevant across the entire curriculum and is best approached through holistic teaching and learning. It has a particular association with geography and requires careful underpinning with geographical thinking and knowledge. Issues concern- ing sustainability and the environment have a values-led and affective base, often articulated as a need to ‘care for the world’, which can sometimes eclipse other necessary components of knowledge and critical thinking. While values and emotions are intrinsic and inescapable facets of sustainability, being properly equipped to respond to these issues also demands some degree of cognitive understanding about how and why human, biological and physical worlds interact with and affect each other.
Available until 27 Jan |Learn more- Jeffrey D. Sachs(Author)
- 2015(Publication Date)
- Columbia University Press(Publisher)
Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation. This goal seeks to ensure that every person has access to safe and affordable drinking water, as well as sanitation and hygiene. The goal also calls for large strides in reducing water pollution and raising the efficiency of water use.SDG 7: Ensure access to affordable, sustainable modern energy. This goal aims to end “energy poverty,” in which households lack access to electricity and safe cooking fuels. The targets include major strides in the provision of renewable (low-carbon) power and in energy efficiency.SDG 8: Promote sustainable economic growth and decent work for all. SDG 8 might be considered the economic development goal. SDG 1 calls for ending extreme poverty; SDG 8 calls for economic growth to raise incomes per person and to enable today’s poor countries to narrow the gap with high-income countries. Targets also emphasize full employment, decent work, labor rights, and the end of modern slavery and human trafficking.SDG 9: Build resilient infrastructure and promote sustainable industrialization. SDG 9 recognizes that many countries in the developing world lack key infrastructure: quality road networks, power grids, fiber grids (for the Internet), rail networks, and suitable ports and airports. Yet in the twenty-first century, having infrastructure will not be enough. It must also be sustainable, meaning resilient to environmental stresses and also “green” in that it imposes little pressure on the natural environment. Future infrastructure, for example, should support the transition to a decarbonized energy system by around 2070. Other targets under this goal call for improved innovation systems (to speed the development and diffusion of new technologies) and sustainable industrialization, especially in low-income regions such as sub-Saharan Africa where industrialization is still very low and incomplete.SDG 10: Reduce inequalities within and among countries
eBook - ePubSustainable Development Goals and Indian Cities
Inclusion, Diversity and Citizen Rights
- Ashok Kumar, D.S. Meshram(Authors)
- 2021(Publication Date)
- Routledge India(Publisher)
Since 2012, the UN has relentlessly made efforts to develop new goals for sustainable development. At the same time, several scholars have provided critical feedback on the nature and purpose of the forthcoming sustainability goals, with the primary concern of what shape should they take. 16 For instance, Jeffrey D. Sach, who served two Secretary Generals of the UN on the MDGs, even framed his own SDGs and published them in the prestigious journal The Lancet in 2012. He suggested that unlike MDGs, the SDGs should be framed for all countries because sustainable development concerns all nations. He argued that the SDGs should focus on three critical areas: economic development, environmental sustainability, and social inclusion, in a way taking us back to the Brundtland Commission’s valuable report. All three areas are intrinsically linked, and progress in one area is dependent on success in all three. He also proposed good governance as the fourth element of sustainable development. In all, he proposed four SDGs. Sach’s first sustainable development goal is focused on basic services such as safe and sustainable water, sanitation, nutrition, basic health, and basic infrastructure like electricity, roads, and connectivity to global networks. The second is environmental sustainability involving the development of “low carbon energy systems, sustainable food systems, sustainable urban areas (including resilience in the face of growing hazards), and stabilization of the world’s population”. 17 The third proposed goal is social inclusion involving “equitable access to public services, and counteracting social discrimination based on gender, ethnic origin, religion, and race”. 18 Originating from the West, discrimination based on caste has been completely ignored: a form of discrimination faced by nearly 25 percent of the Indian population, which is equivalent to the total population of the United States
eBook - ePub- Simon Sneddon(Author)
- 2023(Publication Date)
- Routledge(Publisher)
Increasing poverty levels as a result of the pandemic are predicted to lead to an increase of 10 per cent by the end of 2022 in the numbers of children engaged in child labour compared to 2016. This clearly demonstrates the overlap between the SDGs, as in addition to being covered by SDG 8, this issue relates to elements of SDG 1 (no poverty), SDG 3 (good health and well-being), SDG 4 (quality education), SDG 9 (industry, innovation, and infrastructure), and SDG 11 sustainable cities and communities).5.10 SDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure
This SDG has a much clearer link to sustainability than SDG 8, and it seeks to promote sustainable industrialisation and infrastructure, whether that involves the development of new industries or the retrofitting of existing ones.Although almost all industrial sectors took a financial hit during the pandemic, the higher-technology industries rebounded more quickly, and this is touted as illustrating the importance of technological innovation for promoting sustainable development. This has also exacerbated regional differences, as only about one-fifth of manufacturing industries in Africa fall into the “medium- or high-technology” category, whereas nearly half of them do in Europe and North America.One of the indicators aims to reduce this inequality, although the associated indicator does not give any specific goals to be achieved.Target 9.a: Facilitate sustainable and resilient infrastructure development in developing countries through enhanced financial, technological and technical support to African countries, least developed countries, landlocked developing countries and small island developing States. In addition to focusing on new and established industry and infrastructure, there is also a clear focus here on research and development. The idea is that the more, and more widely, research is carried out, the quicker new low- or zero-carbon techniques for manufacturing will become viable, and the more equally spread the financial benefits will be become.
eBook - ePub- Simon McGrath(Author)
- 2018(Publication Date)
- Routledge(Publisher)
Reduce income inequality within and among countries. Goal 11: Sustainable cities and communities Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable. Goal 12: Responsible consumption and production Responsible consumption and production – ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns. Goal 13: Climate action Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts by regulating emissions and promoting developments in renewable energy. Goal 14: Life below water Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development. Goal 15: Life on land Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and liait biodiversity loss. Goal 16: Peace, justice and strong institutions Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels. Goal 17: Partnerships for the goals Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalise the global partnership for sustainable development. Source: UN 2015bEducation in the SDGs
As we can see, SDG4 is explicitly the education goal. However, education appears explicitly in a number of targets under other goals. Moreover, as I will show later, an account is emerging of how education is foundational to each of the goals. Let’s quickly look at those other education-related targets before turning directly to SDG4. They are as follows:
eBook - ePubStrengthening the Environmental Dimensions of the Sustainable Development Goals in Asia and the Pacific
Stocktake of National Responses to Sustainable Development Goals 12, 14, and 15
- (Author)
- 2019(Publication Date)
- Asian Development Bank(Publisher)
34 Target 11.7 on providing access to safe and inclusive green and public spaces was also considered due to its ambition to increase the ratio of green public spaces in a socially equitable context. The MOI target 11a on strong regional and national development planning, requiring a strengthening of environmental links between rural, peri-urban, and urban areas in urban planning, was considered due to the importance of goods and waste flows from and to cities; while target 11b implementing policies for inclusion, resource efficiency, and disaster risk reduction was considered due to its focus on integrated planning to improve resource efficiency and others. Target 11c on financial and technical support to least developed countries in building sustainable and resilient buildings using local materials was included since urbanization plays an increasingly important role for the sustainability of the Asia and Pacific region.Finally, target 17.7 on promoting sustainable technologies to developing countries was included due to its focus on the transfer of environmentally sound technologies.2.7 Sustainable Development Goal 13: Climate Action
SDG 13 on Climate Action is a significant issue and clearly a factor in environmentally sustainable growth, particularly in many countries in the Asia and Pacific region which are at risk from climate change impacts. Climate change has many interlinkages with SDGs 12, 14, and 15, for example, through support for climate change mitigation that also reduces air pollution, and ecosystems-based adaptation. These links notwithstanding, the TA project did not focus on SDG 13. This is the most obvious environmental dimension not covered in the stocktake, but this decision was made since the UNFCCC Paris Agreement and other initiatives are already leading to sufficient financial and other resources flowing to climate change. Furthermore, the risk that countries will neglect SDG 13 is far less than for the other environmental dimensions, although addressing many of the selected environment-related targets would have considerable benefits for the objectives of SDG 13 as well.
eBook - ePubAfrica in the Post-2015 Development Agenda
A Geographical Perspective
- Leo Charles Zulu, Cristina D'Alessandro(Authors)
- 2018(Publication Date)
- Taylor & Francis(Publisher)
3 . The SDGs were meant to be more ‘action-oriented, concise and easy to communicate, limited in number, aspirational, global in nature, and universally applicable to all countries, while taking into account different national realities, capacities and levels of development, and respecting national policies and priorities’ (UNDP, 2012, p. 63). Through them, a better balance is sought among the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of development (Bates-Eamer, Lee, Lim, & Kapila, 2012; Osborn, Cutter, & Ullah, 2015).Some of the SDGs reflect clarification or a breakdown of the original MDGs to bring more attention to particular previously neglected issues, or to draw attention to emerging ones. For instance, the separation of poverty and hunger (MDG 1) into two goals (SDGs 1 and 2) reflects the critical importance of both goals, while concerns over growing income inequities between the rich and poor are newly captured (SDG 10, and parts of SDG 4, 8, and 11) along with goals for addressing the need for sustainable consumption and production (SDG 12). SDGs reflecting issues that have emerged over the past 15 years include recognition of rapid urbanization, especially in SSA, as a major trend for the twenty-first century (Grant, 2015) that poses sustainable development challenges that need to be addressed, but also offers opportunities than should be seized for urban areas (SDG 11). Other emerging issues include concerns over climate change (SDG 13), especially as Africa is the most vulnerable continent and one least able to deal with adverse climate impacts; and the importance of equitable access to sustainable and reliable energy as a major driver of economic and social development (SDG 7), and to reliable infrastructure (SDG 9). Sustainable natural resources management and environmental stewardship strategies have also been enhanced, with the inclusion of marine and oceanic resources (SDG 15) and conservation of terrestrial ecosystems (SDG 15). The following section summarizes contributions from the articles in the special issue on lessons from Africa’s performance on some of the MDGs and the challenges and opportunities as we transition to the SDGs. Given the enormity of the development issues, sectors, and dimensions that that the MDGs and the greatly expanded SDGs seek to address, these contributions are no more than a partial sample of those issues to illustrate how geographic analysis has contributed and continues to be uniquely placed to contribute to debates and the search for effective development solutions focusing on Africa.
eBook - PDFSustainable Development Goal Nine and African Development
Challenges and Opportunities
- (Author)
- 2021(Publication Date)
- LIT Verlag(Publisher)
This chapter therefore sets out to increase the understanding of the role of human and physical capital, of natural resources, and of institutions for achieving inclusive economic growth and sustainable development of agro-industries. It is structured into six sections. Section one gives an Introduction. The main purpose of the chapter is outlined in the Introduction, to give a comprehensive and com- plete picture of the status of SDG 9 in the context of interlinkages with other im- portant SDGs. It is argued that understanding better the process of structural change of an LDC like Sudan through the lens of SDG 9 can give important in- sights about agricultural sector and development policies. 24 Section two focuses on the relevance of economic theories of growth and structural transformation that underlie the targets and indicators of the sustainable development goal (SDG) 9, pertaining to infrastructure development, innovation and industrialization for the case of Sudan. It is an attempt to explain the discrepancies between theories ap- plied and practices implemented for the case of developing agriculture and agro- industry in least developed countries when looked at from the perspective of SDG 9. The discussion in the chapter has revealed questions on the applicability of eco- nomic concepts which are derived from new growth and structural change theo- 24 See on the LDC inclusion criteria for Sudan: https://www.un.org/develop- ment/desa/dpad/least-developed-country-category-sudan.html Ugulu & Wohlmuth: Performance of SDG 9 Targets – An Introduction 189 ries. Issues were raised how to reconcile the application of new growth and devel- opment theories with the aim to preserve LDCs’ ownership of development con- cepts and initiatives. Section three is investigating the new structural economics (NSE) approach and its application with respect to the sustainable development goal (SDG) 9 and its eight targets.
eBook - PDFAtlas of Sustainable Development Goals 2017
From World Development Indicators
- World Bank(Author)
- 2017(Publication Date)
- World Bank(Publisher)
national and regional development planning Atlas of Sustainable Development Goals 2017 113 11.b By 2020, substantially increase the number of cities and human settlements adopting and implement-ing integrated policies and plans towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation and adaptation to cli-mate change, resilience to disasters, and develop and implement, in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030, holistic disaster risk management at all levels 11.c Support least developed countries, including through financial and technical assistance, in build-ing sustainable and resilient buildings utilizing local materials Goal 12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns 12.1 Implement the 10-Year Framework of Programmes on Sustainable Consumption and Production Patterns, all countries taking action, with developed countries taking the lead, taking into account the development and capabilities of developing countries 12.2 By 2030, achieve the sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources 12.3 By 2030, halve per capita global food waste at the retail and consumer levels and reduce food losses along production and supply chains, including post- harvest losses 12.4 By 2020, achieve the environmentally sound manage-ment of chemicals and all wastes throughout their life cycle, in accordance with agreed international frameworks, and significantly reduce their release to air, water and soil in order to minimize their adverse impacts on human health and the environment 12.5 By 2030, substantially reduce waste generation through prevention, reduction, recycling and reuse 12.6 Encourage companies, especially large and trans-national companies, to adopt sustainable practices and to integrate sustainability information into their reporting cycle 12.7 Promote public procurement practices that are sus-tainable, in accordance with national policies and priorities 12.8
Index pages curate the most relevant extracts from our library of academic textbooks. They’ve been created using an in-house natural language model (NLM), each adding context and meaning to key research topics.
